Auditory Skills Development among Children with Developmental Delays and Cochlear Implants

Abstract

Objectives:

We sought to understand auditory skills outcomes in young children with cochlear implants and developmental delay.

Methods:

Children who received cochlear implants at less than 36 months of age were identified via chart review. Their postimplant auditory skills outcomes were measured with the Auditory Skills Checklist.

Results:

Of 35 children who received cochlear implants before the age of 36 months, 14 children (40%) had additional disabilities or some form of developmental delay. The 12-month postimplant data indicated progress in all groups of children. Children with additional disabilities had the same rate of auditory skills progress as children with no additional disabilities (β = 9.3 versus 9.3; p = 0.5). However, the children with additional disabilities tended to start at a lower baseline skills set (approximately 6 points lower) on the Auditory Skills Checklist. For children with average developmental quotients (at least 80), the rate of progress was twice that of children with a developmental quotient of less than 80, irrespective of a developmental disability (β = 9.9 versus 4.8; p = 0.03). Children with a developmental quotient of less than 80 were less likely to gain skills in discrimination and identification after the first postimplant year.

Conclusions:

Children with additional disabilities make progress in auditory skills, but may not develop higher auditory skills of identification and comprehension within the first 6 months after implantation. Categorizing children according to a cognitive developmental quotient may provide more predictive ability than does categorizing them by disability type.