Relationship Between CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score on Admission and In-Hospital Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients Diagnosed With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

The CHA₂DS₂-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes mellitus, stroke, vascular disease, sex) scoring system, which includes conventional risk factors of coronary artery disease, was originally created to quantify the risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. This study evaluated the usefulness of this score to predict adverse outcomes in STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction) patients without atrial fibrillation. Primary end points were identified as MACE (major adverse cardiovascular events) which included in-hospital death or cerebrovascular accident. MACE rate was 10% (193 patients). The CHA₂DS₂-VASc score was an independent predictor of MACE (95% CI, 2.31 [1.37–3.9]; P = .0016). Other independent predictors of MACE included heart rate (95% CI, 1.56 [0.97–2.50]; P = .0242), admission Killip class (95% CI, 24.19 [10.74–54.46]; P < .0001), admission creatinine level (95% CI, 1.54 [1.10–2.16]; P = .0024), peak CK-MB level (95% CI, 1.63 [0.98–2.70]; P = .0001), and no-reflow (95% CI, 2.45 [1.25–4.80]; P = .0085). A nomogram was developed to estimate the risk of in-hospital adverse outcomes for STEMI patients. The CHA₂DS₂-VASc score was an independent predictor of MACE in STEMI patients. Linear analysis of CHA₂DS₂-VASc score without dichotomization was the main difference of this study from others.