The Challenge of Incidental Findings

American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006).

See Vernooij M. W. , “Incidental Findings on Brain MRI in the General Population,” N. Engl. J. Med. 357, no. 18 (2007): 1821–1828; Kumra S. , “Ethical and Practical Considerations in the Management of Incidental Findings in Pediatric MRI Studies,” Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 45, no. 8 (2006): 1000–1006, at 1002; Alphs H. H. , “Findings on Brain MRI from Research Studies of Occupational Exposure to Known Neurotoxicants,” American Journal of Roentgenology 187, no. 4 (2006): 1043–1047, at 1044; see also Katzman G. L. Dagher A. P. Patronas N. J. , “Incidental Findings on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging from 1000 Asymptomatic Volunteers,” JAMA 282, no. 1 (1999): 36–39; Kim B. S. , “Incidental Findings on Pediatric MR Images of the Brain,” American Journal of Neuroradiology 23, no. 10 (2002): 1674–1677; Illes J. , “Ethical Consideration of Incidental Findings on Adult Brain MRI in Research,” Neurology 62, no. 6 (2004): 888–890.

See Gluecker T. M. , “Extracolonic Findings at CT Colonography: Evaluation of Prevalence and Cost in a Screening Population,” Gastroenterology 124, no. 4 (2003): 911–916; Hara A. K. , “Incidental Extracolonic Findings at CT Colonography,” Radiology 215, no. 2 (2000): 353–357; Yee J. , “Extracolonic Abnormalities Discovered Incidentally at CT Colonography in a Male Population,” Radiology 236, no. 2 (2005): 519–526.

See Hellstrom M. , “Extracolonic and Incidental Findings on CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy),” American Journal of Roentgenology 182, no. 3 (2004): 631–638.

Lucassen A. Parker M. , “Revealing False Paternity: Some Ethical Considerations,” The Lancet 357 (2001): 1033–1035, at 1035; McEwen J. E. , “Genetic Information, Ethics, and Information Relating to Biological Parenthood,” in Murray T. H. Mehlman M. J. , eds., Encyclopedia of Ethical, Legal, and Policy Issues in Biotechnology , vol. 1 (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2000): 356–363, at 359–360.

45 C.F.R. Part 46 (2008).

See Lawrenz F. Sobotka S. , “Empirical Analysis of Current Approaches to Incidental Findings,” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 36, no. 2 (2008): 249–255.