Issues in Preparing Ethical Guidelines for Epidemiological Studies

Conveniently accessible in Levine R.J. , Ethics and Regulation of Clinical Research (Baltimore, Munich: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 2nd ed. 1986) 425–6.

Republished in News and Views. “1931 German Guidelines in Human Experimentation,” Int'l Digest Health Legislation, 31 (1980):408–411.

Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences, Proposed International Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects (Geneva: CIOMS, 1982).

See e.g. Skrabanek P. , “Why Is Preventive Medicine Exempted from Ethical Constraints?” J. Medical Ethics 16 (1990): 187–190.

The author was a principal CIOMS consultant in this project.

Last J.M. (ed.) Dictionary of Epidemiology (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2nd ed. 1988) 42.

See generally Annas G.J. Glantz L.H. and Katz B.F. , Informed Consent to Human Experimentation: The Subject's Dilemma (Cambridge, Mass: Ballinger, 1977).

A recent measles epidemic in the U.S., resulting in more than 60 deaths of children, was associated with the failure of the vaccination system due to a decline in the level of public health services; see New York Times, Jan. 9, 1991.

Vaccination programs often accommodate religiously-based objection by parents, however, in limited recognition of conscientious objection.

See the Canadian Federal Centre for AIDS Guidelines on ethical and legal considerations in anonymous unlinked HIV seroprevalence research Can. Med. Assoc. J. 143 (1990):625–27.

See Gillon R. , “Testing for HIV without Permission,” Brit. Med. J. 294 (28 March 1987):821–23.

See note 10, above.

See Capron A.M. , “Protection of Research Subjects: Do Special Rules Apply in Epidemiology? J. Clinical Epidemiology 44 (1991), reprinted in this issue of Law, Medicine & Health Care.

See Beauchamp T.L. and Childress J.F. , Principles of Biomedical Ethics (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 3rd ed. 1989).

The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research (Washington D.C.: DHEW Publications, 1978).

See Levine R.J. , note 1 above at 218–20.

See Id. at 178–181.

See Sabatier R. , Blaming Others: Prejudice, Race and Worldwide AIDS (London: The Panos Institute, 1988)

See e.g. Hankins C.A. Laberge C. , “HIV Infection Among Quebec Women Giving Birth to Live Infants”, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 143 (1990):885–893.

For instance, Falashas are Jews who lived in Ethiopia since Biblical times, but in the local language “falasha” means “stranger.””

See Drane J.F. , Becoming a Good Doctor: The Place of Virtue and Character in Medical Ethics (Kansas City: Sheed & Ward, 1988).

See American Medical Association, Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, Conflicts of Interest: Report A (I-86) (Chicago: A.M.A., 1986).

Moore v. Regents of the University of California, 793 P.2d 479 (1990).

See Report of The [Ontario] Commission of Inquiry into the Confidentiality of Health Information, 3 vols. (Toronto: Ontario Government Publications Office, 1980).

See note 23, above.

See Angell M. , “Ethical Imperialism? Ethics in International Collaborative Research”, New Eng. J. Med. 319(16) (Oct. 20, 1988):1081–83.

See e.g. Fosmire v. Nicoleau, 551 N.E.2d 77 (N.Y.C.A., 1990); Malette v. Shulman, 67 D.L.R.(4th) 321 (Ont.C.A., 1990).