Abstract
ABSTRACT
We compared the ocular tissue and systemic blood distribution patterns of clonidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist with ocular hypotensive activity, after topical application with ophthalmic rods or ophthalmic solution (eyedrops) in rabbits. We measured tissue concentrations at 0-240 minutes after administration with rods containing 5 μg, 10 μg, or 20 μg clonidine, or a 0.125% (62.5 μg) solution. The delivery efficiency of the rods was 65 - 71%. The rods and eyedrops had similar absorption and distribution patterns intraocularly and in systemic blood. Tissue concentrations of clonidine achieved were proportional to the dose delivered; peak ocular tissue concentrations were reached within 20 minutes (except for the lens). Clonidine concentrations were: tears > cornea > iris/ciliary body ≥ aqueous humor > lens. We concluded that the ophthalmic rod offers a viable alternative to ophthalmic solution for the topical delivery of clonidine.
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