Inhibition of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-Driven Lymphocyte Proliferation by Anti-MHC Class II Monoclonal Antibody

Abstract

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and the Vβ region of T cell receptors (TCR) and subsequently induces T cell proliferation. This mitogenicity is the basis of pathological effects seen in food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. Toxin-specific monoclonal antibodies have previously been shown to be effective in blocking toxin stimulated T cell responses. In this study, a monoclonal antibody, 52BL1, was found to be a potent inhibitor of SEA-, SEB-, SEC₁-, SED-, and SEE-induced lymphocyte proliferation assays, which indicates that a single anti-HLA (human leukocyte antigen) class II antibody is effective in blocking the biological effects of these toxins. These results demonstrate the possibility of using anti-HLA class II antibodies in a clinical setting as an antagonist to staphylococcal enterotoxinmediated pathogenesis.