Vanadis 6 steel was boronized at temperatures from 950°C to 1050°C for durations from 0.75–10 h. The treatments produced layers with thickness from 4 to 133 μm, depending on the processing parameters. The layers’ growth obeyed the parabolic growth law, and all the obtained boronized layers were two-phase (FeB + Fe2B), with the presence of a small amount of chromium boride. The layer growth induces considerable redistribution of alloying elements in regions near the surface. FeB had microhardness ranging from 2100 to 2300 HV0.05, while the microhardness of Fe2B was 1700–1900 HV0.05. The presence of boronized layers reduced the Charpy impact toughness of the steel by approximately 95%.
KulkaM.Current trends in boriding. Basel (Switzerland
): Springer; 2019.
2.
Ortiz-DomínguezM, KeddamM, Elias-EspinosaM, Investigation of boriding kinetics of AISI D2 steel. Surf Eng. 2014;30:490–497. doi: 10.1179/1743294414Y.0000000273
3.
KeddamM, KulkaM.A kinetic model for the boriding kinetics of AISI D2 steel during the diffusion annealing process. Prot Met Phys Chem. 2018;54:282–290. doi: 10.1134/S2070205118020193
4.
DybkovVI.Boriding of high chromium steels. Curr Phys Chem. 2016;6:137–144. doi: 10.2174/1877946806666160331203824
5.
LentzJ, RöttgerA, GroßwendtF, Enhancement of hardness, modulus and fracture toughness of the tetragonal (Fe. Cr: 2B), and orthorhombic (Cr,Fe)2B phases with addition of Cr. Mater Des2018;156:113–124. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.06.040
6.
PereiraRGM, LombardiANFE, Characterization of layers produced by boriding and boriding-PVD on AISI D2 tool steel. Mater Perform Charact. 2016;5:406–413.
7.
OliveiraCKN, CastelettiLC, Lombardi NetoA, Production and characterization of boride layers on AISI D2 tool steel. Vaccum. 2010;84:792–796. doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.10.038
ChL, ShenB, LiG, Effect of boronizing temperature and time on microstructure and abrasion wear resistance of Cr12Mn2V2 high chromium cast iron. Surf Coat Technol. 2008;202:5882–5886. doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.06.170
10.
KulkaM, MakuchN, PiaseckiA.Nanomechanical characterization and fracture toughness of FeB and Fe2B iron borides produced by gas boriding of Armco iron. Surf Coat Technol. 2017;325:515–532. doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.07.020
11.
ChristiansenTL, BottoliF, DahlK, Hard surface layers by pack boriding and gaseous thermo-reactive deposition and diffusion treatments. Mater Perform Charact. 2017;6:475–491.
12.
Vanadis 6 Super Clean – High performance powder metallurgical cold work tool steel. www.uddeholm.com
13.
ĎuricaJ, PtačinováJ, DománkováM, Changes in microstructure of ledeburitic tool steel due to vacuum austenitizing and quenching, sub-zero treatments at −140°C and tempering. Vaccum. 2019;170:108977. doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.108977
14.
PašákM, ČičkaR, BílekP, Study of phase transformations in Cr-V tool steel. Mater Tehnol. 2014;48:693–696.
15.
BílekP, SobotováJ, JurčiP.Evaluation of the microstructural changes in Cr-V ledeburitic tool steels depending on the austenitization temperature. Mater Tehnol. 2011;45:489–493.
16.
LiuF, LinX, SongM, Austenitizing behavior of laser solid formed ultrahigh-strength 300M steel. Steel Res Int. 2017;871600371. doi: 10.1002/srin.201600371
17.
YapiciAA, KocVSE, Wear behavior of Borided AISI D2 steel under linear reciprocating sliding conditions. Prot Met Phys Chem. 2019;55:341–351. doi: 10.1134/S207020511902028X
18.
SobotováJ, JurčiP, DlouhýI.The effect of sub-zero treatment on microstructure, fracture toughness, and wear resistance of Vanadis 6 tool steel. Mater Sci Eng. 2016;A652:192–204. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2015.11.078
19.
BartkowskaA, BartkowskiD, SwadźbaR, Microstructure, chemical composition, wear, and corrosion resistance of FeB–Fe2B–Fe3B surface layers produced on Vanadis-6 steel using CO2 laser. Int J Adv Manuf Technol2018;95:1763–1776. doi: 10.1007/s00170-017-1304-z
