The Effect of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Valve Technology on Catheter Occlusion Rates

Abstract

Purpose

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICCs) are increasingly being used to provide short to medium-term central venous access. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that PICC valve technology does not influence PICC occlusion rates.

Methods

Intensive care unit (ICU) patients who required a PICC were randomized to one of three types of dual lumen PICC (open ended non-valved, Groshong valve, PASV valve). PICC occlusions were recorded and managed with a protocol that used urokinase.

Results

A total of 102 patients were recruited to the study. The overall risk of occlusion per catheter was 35% (95% CI 26% to 44%). The overall rate of occlusion was 76 occlusions per 1000 catheter days (95% CI 61 to 95). Presence or type of valve did not significantly influence this rate (open-ended non-valved PICC 38% of catheters, 79 occlusions per 1000 catheter days; Groshong 38% of catheters, 60 occlusions per 1000 catheter days; PASV 27% of catheters, 99 occlusions per 1000 catheter days). The dose of urokinase required to treat PICC occlusions did not significantly differ between PICC types.

Conclusions

Valved PICCs do not appear to influence PICC occlusion rates.

Keywords

Central venous catheters Fibrinolysis Occlusions Peripherally inserted central catheters Thrombosis Valve

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The Effect of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Valve Technology on Catheter Occlusion Rates - The ‘ELeCTRiC’ Study