A systematic review was conducted to assess the evidence base of occupational therapy for adults with neuromuscular diseases. A comprehensive search for controlled and uncontrolled studies was performed in the Cochrane, MEDLINE, CINHAL, and EMBASE databases. After screening 3,534 titles and abstracts, six articles were retrieved for more detailed evaluation. Only two studies met all of the predefined criteria and were subjected to methodological assessment. These studies provide indications for the efficacy of hand training in muscle diseases. There is a lack of scientific evidence regarding the question of whether patients with neuromuscular diseases are better capable of participating in meaningful activities and roles through occupational therapy. Recommendations for future research are given.
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