Application of 70 kVp in abdominal CT angiography to reduce both radiation and contrast dosage and improve patient comfort for children

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Low-tube voltage scanning improves CT attenuation value of contrast medium (CM). Thus, we hypothesized that 70 kVp in pediatric abdominal CT angiography (CTA) could be used to reduce both radiation and CM dose and improve patient comfort at the same time.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the feasibility of using 70 kVp in pediatric abdominal CTA to reduce radiation dose and CM dose and improve patient care for children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Forty-six children needing abdominal CTA were enrolled in the study group using low-dose scanning protocol with 70 kVp and 0.7–1.1 ml/kg contrast dose, and reconstructed with 50%ASIR-V. They were compared with other 46 children in control group with matching body weight and underwent conventional CT scans with 100 kVp, 1.2–1.8 ml/kg contrast dose and reconstructed using 50%ASIR. Image quality of large vessels was evaluated using a 5-point scale. CT value and standard deviation of descending aorta (Ao) was measured, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. Radiation dose, contrast dose, the maximum injection pressure between the two groups were also compared.

RESULTS:

Score for displaying large vessels by 70 kVp images was 3.91±0.28, lower than that (4.17±0.38) of the control group (p < 0.05), but fully met the diagnostic requirements. CT value of Ao was 390.87±86.79HU in study group, which is higher than 343.93±49.94HU in control group, while there was no difference in SNR and CNR between two groups; the radiation dose, contrast dosage and injection pressure of the study group were 1.23±0.39mGy, 12.67±7.27 ml and 43.83±17.16psi, respectively, which are significantly lower than the 1.95±0.37mGy, 22.67±7.39 ml, and 77.59±19.68psi of control group.

CONCLUSION:

Use of 70 kVp in pediatric abdominal CTA provides diagnostic quality images while significantly reduce radiation and contrast dose, as well as injection pressure to improve patient comfort for children.