Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) is a task-specific training applied using a cognitive behavioral approach to improve performance in daily activities and to enable the patient to overcome limitations related to them.
Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the CO-OP approach in comparison with task-specific upper extremity training (TUET) on performance related to daily and functional activities in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke.
Methods:
Forty-nine participants diagnosed with stroke for the first time underwent 30 minutes of either the CO-OP approach or TUET 5 days a week for 4 weeks. We evaluated their performance on the box-and-block test (BBT), Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM), and community integration questionnaire (CIQ) and Wolf motor function test-functional score (WMFT-F) before and after the training.
Results:
Our results show a significantly improvement in the WMFT-F, COPM-P, COPM-S, BBT, and CIQ scores after training in the CO-OP group, but only COPM-S score was significantly improvement after training in TUET group (p < 0.05). This study also found higher increases in the mean WMFT-F, COPM-P, COPM-S and BBT scores in the CO-OP group than in the TUET group, but CIQ score did not have a significantly higher increase between-group after training.
Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that the CO-OP approach resulted in a positive therapeutic effect on self-selected occupational performance and daily and functional activities in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke.
Ahn,S.N., Yoo,E.Y., Jung,M.Y., Park,H.Y., Lee,J.Y., & Choi,Y.I. (2017) Comparison of Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance and conventional occupational therapy on occupational performance in individuals with stroke: A randomized controlled trial. NeuroRehabilitation, 40(3), 285–292.
2.
Cameron,D., Craig,T., Edwards,B., Missiuna,C., Schwellnus,H., & Polatajko,H.J. (2017) Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP): A New Approach for Children with Cerebral Palsy. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, 37(2), 183–198.
3.
Chanubol,R., Wongphaet,P., Ot,N.C., Chira-Adisai,W., Kuptniratsaikul,P., & Jitpraphai,C. (2012) Correlation between the action research arm test and the box and block test of upper extremity function in stroke patients. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 95(4), 590–597.
4.
Cup,E.H., Scholte op ReimerW.J., Thijssen,M.C., & van Kuyk-Minis, M.A. (2003) Reliability and validity of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure in stroke patients. Clinical Rehabilitation, 17(4), 402–409.
5.
Dawson,D.R., Binns,M.A., Hunt,A., Lemsky,C., & Polatajko,H.J. (2013) Occupation-based strategy training for adults with traumatic brain injury: A pilot study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(10), 1959–1963.
6.
Folstein,M.F., Folstein,S.E., & McHugh,P.R. (1975) Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198.
7.
Glenn,M., Goldstein,R., Selleck,E., Rotman,M., & Jacob,L. (2006) Validity and reliability of the Community Integration Program Questionnaire. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 29(2), 117–121.
8.
Henshaw,E., Polatajko,H., McEwen,S., Ryan,J.D., & Baum,C.M. (2011) Cognitive approach to improving participation after stroke: Two case studies. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65(1), 55–63.
9.
Imms,C., & Nott,M. (2012) Single subject experimental design study demonstrated Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) improved performance of self-selected goals in adults with chronic stroke. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 59(6), 467–468.
10.
Jackman,M., Novak,I., & Lannin,N. (2014) Effectiveness of functional hand splinting and the cognitive orientation to occupational performance (CO-OP) approach in children with cerebral palsy and brain injury: Two randomised controlled trial protocols. BMC Neurology, 14, 144.
11.
Jackman,M., Novak,I., Lannin,N.A., Galea,C., & Froude,E. (2018) The Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Approach: Best responders in children with cerebral palsy and brain injury. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 78, 103–113.
12.
Lee,K.H., Kim,J.H., Choi,D.H., & Lee,J. (2013) Effect of task-specific training on functional recovery and corticospinal tract plasticity after stroke. Restorarive Neurology Neuroscience, 31(6), 773–785.
13.
Mark,V.W., & Taub,E. (2004) Constraint-induced movement therapy for chronic stroke hemiparesis and other disabilities. Restorarive Neurology Neuroscience, 22(3-5), 317–336.
14.
Martins,J.C., Aguiar,L.T., Nadeau,S., Scianni,A.A., Teixeira-Salmela,L.F., & Faria,Cdcm. (2017) Efficacy of Task-Specific Training on Physical Activity Levels of People With Stroke: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Physical Therapy, 97(6), 640–648.
15.
McEwen,S., Polatajko,H., Baum,C., Rios,J., Cirone,D., Doherty,M., & Wolf,T. (2015) Combined Cognitive-Strategy and Task-Specific Training Improve Transfer to Untrained Activities in Subacute Stroke: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 29(6), 526–536.
16.
Missiuna,C., Mandich,A.D., Polatajko,H.J., & Malloy-Miller,T. (2001) Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP): Part I–theoretical foundations. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 20(2-3), 69–81.
17.
Morris,D.M., Taub,E., & Mark,V.W. (2006) Constraint-induced movement therapy: Characterizing the intervention protocol. Europa Medicophysica, 42(3), 257–268.
18.
Morris,D.M., Uswatte,G., Crago,J.E., Cook,E.W.,
3rd, Taub, E. (2001) The reliability of the wolf motor function test for assessing upper extremity function after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(6), 750–755.
19.
O’Sullivan, Susan B., Schmitz, Thomas J., & Fulk, George D. (2014) Physical rehabilitation (6th ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co,.
20.
Phipps,S., & Richardson,P. (2007) Occupational therapy outcomes for clients with traumatic brain injury and stroke using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 61(3), 328–334.
21.
Platz,T., Pinkowski,C., van Wijck,F., Kim,I.H., di Bella,P., & Johnson,G. (2005) Reliability and validity of arm function assessment with standardized guidelines for the Fugl-Meyer Test, Action Research Arm Test and Box and Block Test: A multicentre study. Clinical Rehabilitation, 19(4), 404–411.
22.
Poulin,V., Korner-Bitensky,N., Bherer,L., Lussier,M., & Dawson,D.R. (2017) Comparison of two cognitive interventions for adults experiencing executive dysfunction post-stroke: A pilot study. Diability and Rehabilitation, 39(1), 1–13.
23.
Skidmore,E.R., Whyte,E.M., Butters,M.A., Terhorst,L., Reynolds,C.F., 3rd. (2015) Strategy Training During Inpatient Rehabilitation May Prevent Apathy Symptoms After Acute Stroke. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 7(6), 562–570.
24.
Slota,G.P., Enders,L.R., & Seo,N.J. (2014) Improvement of hand function using different surfaces and identification of difficult movement post stroke in the Box and Block Test. Applied Ergonomics, 45(4), 833–838.
25.
Thornton,A., Licari,M., Reid,S., Armstrong,J., Fallows,R., & Elliott,C. (2016) Cognitive Orientation to (Daily) Occupational Performance intervention leads to improvements in impairments, activity and participation in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Disability and Rehabilitation, 38(10), 979–986.
26.
Tomaszewski,R., & Mitrushina,M. (2016) Utility of the Community Integration Questionnaire in a sample of adults with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders receiving prevocational training. Disability and Rehabilitation, 38(10), 1016–1022.
27.
Umphred,Darcy Ann. (2013) Umphred’s neurological rehabilitation (6th ed.). St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier/Mosby.
28.
Wang,S.Y., Gong,Z.K., Sen,J., Han,L., Zhang,M., & Chen,W. (2014) The usefulness of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognition Assessment in evaluating cognitive function in patients with stroke. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 18(23), 3665–3672.
29.
Willer,B., Ottenbacher,K.J., & Coad,M.L. (1994) The community integration questionnaire. A comparative examination. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 73(2), 103–111.
30.
Wolf,S.L., Catlin,P.A., Ellis,M., Archer,A.L., Morgan,B., & Piacentino,A. (2001) Assessing Wolf motor function test as outcome measure for research in patients after stroke. Stroke, 32(7), 1635–1639.
31.
Wolf,T.J., Polatajko,H., Baum,C., Rios,J., Cirone,D., Doherty,M., & McEwen,S. (2016) Combined Cognitive-Strategy and Task-Specific Training Affects Cognition and Upper-Extremity Function in Subacute Stroke: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70(2), 7002290010p–7002290010p10.
32.
Yang,S.Y., Lin,C.Y., Lee,Y.C., & Chang,J.H. (2017) The Canadian occupational performance measure for patients with stroke: A systematic review. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(3), 548–555.
