Petroleum Waste sludge (PWS) could be used as unusual source for the extraction of barium oxide nanoparticles. A hydrothermal method was adapted to precipitate barium as barium hydroxide that calcined at different calcination temperatures up to 1000 °C to obtain barium oxide nano particles. The mineralogical composition, morphology, particle size and spot analysis of the extracted particles were followed using XRD and SEM+EDAX techniques. These investigations confirmed the purity and nano size of barium oxide particles extracted from PWS at 600 °C.
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