Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely-used. The nodes in traditional WSNs are usually fixed, which means that the nodes around the base stations will bear more communication load. This uneven load will cause quick exhaustion of network energy and the phenomenon of “Energy Hole”. In recent years, researchers have been trying to solve this problem by introducing moving nodes that are considered as the sink nodes (Sink) to collect the data in WSNs. A moving node can be moving tramcars, moving cars on bridge or autonomous underwater vehicles, etc. However, in reality, the moving nodes have certain constrains on both space and capacity. In this paper, the network problems such as the node energy, the sink movement distance upper limit and the communication loss, are formally modeled as linear programming models. Thus, the optimal sink moving path can be determined by solving these models. Experiments show that the models can be applied to small and medium size WSNs with acceptable running time. However, the running time becomes extremely long when the network size is scaled up.
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