Network Lifetime (NL) is a pivotal issue in real time data monitoring using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). In this paper, we propose a distributed MAC protocol for NL maximization based on spatial correlation and opportunistic transmission, which we named Spatial Correlation based Clustered Opportunistic Protocol (SCCOP). SCCOP employs a novel spatial correlation model to cleave the network into correlated clusters. The transmission scheduling in clusters is done according to NL maximization condition, which incorporates channel statistics of individual sensors into carrier sensing and backoff strategy. From each cluster, an energy-efficient sensor node with the best channel is scheduled to transmit its data directly to the access point (AP) as the representative node for the whole cluster. Accordingly, SCCOP achieves significant reduction in redundant data transmission as well as energy consumption in the wireless network. The simulation results show that as the node density in the network increases, SCCOP has better performance enhancement in terms of NL, throughput, energy saving and outage.
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