This paper proposes a two-tier structure for improving the MAC layer performance of a vehicular network. In tier-1, an improved vehicle-ID based analytical model is proposed. In tier-2, a fuzzy-based computational system named FUZZ-CCS is designed for controlling congestion in the vehicular network. Initially, the paper considers a fundamental element of the vehicular network, namely that each CAM generated by a vehicle is associated with a unique ID. Using this property, every vehicle weighs the random backoff number chosen by them in the back-off process, with the vehicle ID incorporated in their respective CAMs, eventually leading to the selection of a distinctive random back-off number. The vehicle ID based Markov model is validated through MATLAB. Further, in tier-2, collision probability (obtained from the proposed analytical model) and vehicular density are considered as input for designing the FUZZ-CCS. CAM broadcast rate is considered as the adapting parameter for controlling congestion throughout the network. Obtained simulation results show that the proposed FUZZ-CCS outperforms the fixed CAM rate IEEE 802.11p in terms of collision probability.
O.Adil, M.Ali, A.Y.Ali and B.S.Sumait, Comparison between the effects of different types of membership functions on fuzzy logic controller performance, International Journal76 (2015), 76–83.
2.
G.Bianchi, Performance analysis of the ieee 802.11 distributed coordination function, IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications18(3) (2000), 535–547. doi:10.1109/49.840210.
3.
K.Bilstrup, E.Uhlemann, E.G.Strom and U.Bilstrup, Evaluation of the ieee 802.11 p mac method for vehicle-to-vehicle communication, in: VTC 2008-Fall. IEEE 68th, Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, 2008, pp. 1–5.
4.
C.Campolo, A.Molinaro, A.Vinel and Y.Zhang, Modeling prioritized broadcasting in multichannel vehicular networks, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology61(2) (2012), 687–701. doi:10.1109/TVT.2011.2181440.
5.
F.Daneshgaran, M.Laddomada, F.Mesiti and M.Mondin, A model of the ieee 802.11 dcf in presence of non ideal transmission channel and capture effects, in: Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007.
6.
S.Dietzel, B.Bako, E.Schoch and F.Kargl, A fuzzy logic based approach for structure-free aggregation in vehicular ad-hoc networks, in: Proceedings of the Sixth ACM International Workshop on VehiculAr InterNETworking, ACM, 2009, pp. 79–88. doi:10.1145/1614269.1614283.
7.
Draft SAE, J2735 dedicated short range communications (dsrc) message set dictionary. Society of Automotive Engineers, DSRC Committee, 2009.
8.
K.Duffy, D.Malone and D.J.Leith, Modeling the 802.11 distributed coordination function in nonsaturated conditions, IEEE communications letters9(8) (2005), 715–717. doi:10.1109/LCOMM.2005.1496592.
9.
E ASTM, 2213-03, standard specification for telecommunications and information exchange between roadside and vehicle systems – 5.9 GHz band dedicated short range communications (dsrc) medium access control (mac) and physical layer (phy) specifications, ASTM International4 (2003), 17–18.
10.
P.E.Engelstad and O.N.Østerbø, Non-saturation and saturation analysis of ieee 802.11 e edca with starvation prediction, in: Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, ACM, 2005, pp. 224–233.
11.
K.A.Hafeez, L.Zhao, Z.Liao and B.N.-W.Ma, A fuzzy-logic-based cluster head selection algorithm in vanets, in: Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, IEEE, 2012, pp. 203–207.
12.
M.R.Jabbarpour, R.M.Noor, R.H.Khokhar and C.-H.Ke, Cross-layer congestion control model for urban vehicular environments, Journal of Network and Computer Applications44 (2014), 1–16. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2014.05.002.
13.
R.H.Khokhar, R.M.Noor, K.Z.Ghafoor, C.-H.Ke and M.A.Ngadi, Fuzzyassisted social-based routing for urban vehicular environments, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking2011(1) (2011), 178. doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2011-178.
14.
T.Luo, Z.Wen, J.Li and H.-H.Chen, Saturation throughput analysis of wave networks in Doppler spread scenarios, IET communications4(7) (2010), 817–825. doi:10.1049/iet-com.2009.0071.
15.
X.Ma and X.Chen, Performance analysis of IEEE 802.11 broadcast scheme in ad hoc wireless lans, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology57(6) (2008), 3757–3768. doi:10.1109/TVT.2008.918731.
16.
X.Ma, X.Chen and H.H.Refai, Performance and reliability of dsrc vehicular safety communication: A formal analysis, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking2009(1) (2009), 969164.
17.
S.S.Manvi, M.S.Kakkasageri and J.Pitt, Multiagent based information dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks, Mobile Information Systems5(4) (2009), 363–389. doi:10.1155/2009/518042.
18.
B.Placzek, Selective data collection in vehicular networks for traffic control applications, Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies23 (2012), 14–28. doi:10.1016/j.trc.2011.12.007.
19.
R.Reinders, M.van Eenennaam, G.Karagiannis and G.Heijenk, Contention window analysis for beaconing in vanets, in: Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2011 7th International, IEEE, 2011, pp. 1481–1487.
20.
Y.-C.Tseng, S.-Y.Ni, Y.-S.Chen and J.-P.Sheu, The broadcast storm problem in a mobile adhoc network, Wireless networks8(2/3) (2002), 153–167. doi:10.1023/A:1013763825347.
21.
M.Van Eenennaam, A.Remke and G.Heijenk, An analytical model for beaconing in vanets, in: Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC), 2012 IEEE, IEEE, 2012, pp. 9–16.
22.
P.Verma, N.Singh and M.Sharma, Modeling a Vehicle-ID based IEEE 802.11 OCB MAC scheme for periodic broadcast in Vehicular Networks, IET Communications (2018).
23.
C.Wu, S.Ohzahata and T.Kato, Vanet broadcast protocol based on fuzzy logic and lightweight retransmission mechanism, IEICE transactions on communications95(2) (2012), 415–425. doi:10.1587/transcom.E95.B.415.
24.
Q.Yang, S.Xing, W.Xia and L.Shen, Modelling and performance analysis of dynamic contention window scheme for periodic broadcast in vehicular ad hoc networks, IET Communications9(11) (2015), 1347–1354. doi:10.1049/iet-com.2014.0854.
25.
Y.Yao, L.Rao and X.Liu, Performance and reliability analysis of ieee 802.11 p safety communication in a highway environment, IEEE transactions on vehicular technology62(9) (2013), 4198–4212. doi:10.1109/TVT.2013.2284594.
