We provide a new estimate of household-level housing wealth in Norway between 1993 and 2015 using an ensemble machine learning method on housing transaction data. The new housing wealth measure is an improvement over existing data sources for two reasons. First, the model outperforms previously applied regression models in out-of-sample prediction precision. Second, we extend the sample of estimated housing wealth by including cooperative units, non-id apartments, and cabins.
KostølAHoliløkkSE. Reestimering av modell for beregning av boligformue. Statistics Norway Notater. 2010; 39: 2010.
2.
StubhaugME. Housing and Wealth Inequality. Master Thesis, University of Oslo. 2017.
3.
PfefferFTSchoeniRFKennickellAAndreskiP. Measuring wealth and wealth inequality: Comparing two US surveys. Journal of Economic and Social Measurement. 2016; 41(2): 103–120.
4.
VarianHR. Big data: New tricks for econometrics. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2014; 28(2): 3–28.
5.
MullainathanSSpiessJ. Machine learning: An applied econometric approach. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2017; 31(2): 87–106.
6.
LiawAWienerM. Classification and regression by random forest. R News. 2002; 2(3): 18–22.
7.
TherneauTAtkinsonBRipleyB. Rpart: Recursive partitioning and regression trees. R Package Version. 2015; 4: 1–9.
8.
FriedmanJHastieTTibshiraniR. Regularization paths for generalized linear models via coordinate descent. Journal of Statistical Software. 2010; 33(1): 1–22.
9.
TakleMMedbyP. Modell for beregning av boligformue. Statistics Norway Notater. 2020; 9: 2020.
10.
AabergeRStubhaugME. Formuesulikhet i Norge 1995–2016. Statistics Norway Analyse. 2018; 18: 2018.
11.
EikaLMogstadMVestadOL. What can we learn about household consumption expenditure from data on income and assets? Journal of Public Economics. 2020.
12.
AnundsenAKLarsenER. Testing for micro efficiency in the housing market. International Economic Review. 2018; 59(4): 2133–2162.
13.
BougPvon BraschTTakleM. Hvorfor spriker boligprisindeksene til eiendom Norge og SSB? Statistics Norway Analyse. 2018; 7: 2018.