Increased CSF E-Selectin in Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease without Altered CSF A β 42 and Tau

Abstract

Abstract

Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is pathologically heterogeneous. In this multicenter cohort of 215 clinically diagnosed AD patients and 249 controls, E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VACM-1) were measured along with amyloid-β peptide 1–42 (Aβ ₄₂) and tau. We discovered that E-selectin, a biomarker of endothelial function/vascular injury, was inversely correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau/Aβ ₄₂ ratio and significantly elevated in clinical AD patients without the typical AD CSF biomarker signature (i.e., low tau/Aβ ₄₂ ratio) compared to those with the signature. These findings suggest that E-selectin may be an objective biomarker related to vascular mechanisms contributing to dementia.