The relationship between kinesiophobia severity and clinical parameters in patients with mechanical low back pain

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Low back pain is an important widespread health problem that can occur at any age, causing serious socioeconomic losses.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia severity and pain severity, depression, and quality of life in patients with mechanical low back pain.

METHODS:

The study sample consisted of 155 patients, of whom 72 were female and 83 were male, aged between 18 and 75 years with mechanical low back pain. Quality of life was assessed with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), pain intensity with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), kinesiophobia with the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), and depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Patients were divided into the low (TKS $⩽$ 37) and high kinesiophobia (TKS $>$ 37) groups according to the scores they obtained from TKS.

RESULTS:

VAS-pain severity and BDI scores were significantly higher in the high kinesiophobia group than in the low kinesiophobia group ( $p<$ 0.001). On the other hand, the SF-36 subscale scores were significantly higher in the low kinesiophobia group than in the high kinesiophobia group ( $p<$ 0.001). The TKS scores were moderately correlated with VAS-pain severity ( $r=$ 0.470; $p<$ 0.001) and BDI scores ( $r=$ 0.584; $p<$ 0.001) in the positive direction, and strongly correlated with all sub-parameters of quality of life in the negative direction ( $p<$ 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The results indicated that the severity of kinesiophobia in patients with non-inflammatory low back pain is associated with pain severity, depression, and poor quality of life.