Associations between the severity of disability level and fear of movement and pain beliefs in patients with chronic low back pain

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading forms of chronic pain and is among the leading causes of pain and disability. In this study, we investigated the associations between the severity of disability and fear of movement and pain beliefs as well as the impact of the fear of movement and pain beliefs on the quality of life in patients with chronic LBP.

METHODS:

A total of 89 patients (42.29 $\pm$ 16.05 years) with chronic low back pain were included in the study. The instruments used in the assessments include the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), the Pain Belief Questionnaire (PBQ), and the SF 36-Short Form. Patients were assigned into three groups by disability severity based on ODI scores. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.

RESULTS:

No statistically significant intergroup differences were found in TKS and PBQ scores ( $p>$ 0.05). A positive correlation was found between TKS scores, age ( $r$ : 0.227/ $p<$ 0.05), PBQ organic ( $r$ : $-$ 0.250/ $p<$ 0.05) scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study revealed high levels of kinesiophobia and similar pain beliefs, independent of the severity level of disability. We believe that cognitive-behavioral therapy that may reduce fear-avoidance behaviors and convert negative pain beliefs into positive ones should be added to rehabilitation procedures for LBP.