Multiple platelet-rich plasma preparations can solubilize freeze-dried chitosan formulations to form injectable implants for orthopedic indications

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used to solubilize freeze-dried chitosan (CS) formulations to form injectable implants for tissue repair.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine whether the in vitro performance of the formulations depends on the type of PRP preparation used to solubilize CS.

METHODS:

Formulations containing 1% (w/v) CS with varying degrees of deacetylation (DDA 80.5–84.8%) and number average molar mass (M _n 32–55 kDa), 1% (w/v) trehalose and 42.2 mM calcium chloride were freeze-dried. Seven different PRP preparations were used to solubilize the formulations. Controls were recalcified PRP.

RESULTS:

CS solubilization was achieved with all PRP preparations. CS-PRP formulations were less runny than their corresponding PRP controls. All CS-PRP formulations had a clotting time below 9 minutes, assessed by thromboelastography, while the leukocyte-rich PRP controls took longer to coagulate (>32 min), and the leukocyte-reduced PRP controls did not coagulate in this dynamic assay. In glass culture tubes, all PRP controls clotted, expressed serum and retracted (43–82% clot mass lost) significantly more than CS-PRP clots (no mass lost). CS dispersion was homogenous within CS-PRP clots.

CONCLUSIONS:

In vitro performance of the CS-PRP formulations was comparable for all types of PRPs assessed.