The aim of this study was to investigate bonding effectiveness in direct restorations. A two-step self-etch adhesive and a light-cure resin composite was compared with luting with a conventional dual-cure resin cement and a two-step etch and rinse adhesive. Class-I box-type cavities were prepared. Identical ceramic inlays were designed and fabricated with a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) device. The inlays were seated with Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil AP-X (Kuraray Medical) or ExciTE F DSC/Variolink II (Ivoclar Vivadent), each by two operators (five teeth per group). The inlays were stored in water for one week at 37°C, whereafter micro-tensile bond strength testing was conducted. The micro-tensile bond strength of the direct composite was significantly higher than that from conventional luting, and was independent of the operator (). Pre-testing failures were only observed with the conventional method. High-power light-curing of a direct composite may be a viable alternative to luting lithium disilicate glass-ceramic CAD/CAM restorations.
MörmannW.H., The evolution of the CEREC system, J. Am. Dent. Assoc.137 (2006), 7S–13S.
2.
PeumansM.HikitaK.De MunckJ.Van LanduytK.PoitevinA.LambrechtsP. and Van MeerbeekB., Effects of ceramic surface treatments on the bond strength of an adhesive luting agent to CAD–CAM ceramic, J. Dent.35 (2007), 282–288.
3.
ZhangC. and DegrangeM., Shear bond strengths of self-adhesive luting resins fixing dentine to different restorative materials, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed.21 (2010), 593–608.
4.
PollingtonS.FabianelliA. and van NoortR., Microtensile bond strength of a resin cement to novel fluorcanasite glass-ceramic following different surface treatments, Dent. Mater.26 (2010), 864–872.
5.
SarrM.MineA.De MunckJ.Vivan CardosoM.KaneA.W.VrevenJ.Van MeerbeekB. and Van LanduytK.L., Immediate bonding effectiveness of contemporary composite cements to dentin, Clin. Oral Invest.14 (2010), 569–577.
6.
KameyamaA.OishiT.SugawaraT. and HiraiY., Microtensile bond strength of indirect resin composite to resin-coated dentin: Interaction between diamond bur roughness and coating material, Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.51 (2009), 13–22.
7.
FluryS.LussiA.PeutzfeldtA. and ZimmerliB., Push-out bond strength of CAD/CAM-ceramic luted to dentin with self-adhesive resin cements, Dent. Mater.26 (2010), 855–863.
8.
KrämerN.LohbauerU. and FrankenbergerR., Adhesive luting of indirect restorations, Am. J. Dent.13 (2000), 60D–70D.
9.
El ZohairyA.A.De GeeA.J.HassanF.M. and FeilzerA.J., The effect of adhesives with various degrees of hydrophilicity on resin ceramic bond durability, Dent. Mater.20 (2004), 778–787.
10.
KameyamaA.HaruyamaA.AsamiM. and TakahashiT., Effect of emitted wavelength and light guide type on irradiance discrepancies in hand-held dental curing radiometers, Sci. World J.2013 (2013), 647941.
11.
PoitevinA.De MunckJ.Van LanduytK.CoutinhoE.PeumansM.LambrechtsP. and Van MeerbeekB., Influence of three specimen fixation modes on the micro-tensile bond strength of adhesives to dentin, Dent. Mater. J.26 (2007), 694–699.
12.
AsaiT.KazamaR.FukushimaM. and OkijiT., Effect of overglazed and polished surface finishes on the compressive fracture strength of machinable ceramic materials, Dent. Mater. J.29 (2010), 661–667.
13.
MagneP.SchlichtingL.H.MaiaH.P. and BaratieriL.N., In vitro fatigue resistance of CAD/CAM composite resin and ceramic posterior occlusal veneers, J. Prosthet. Dent.104 (2010), 149–157.
14.
DimitrouliM.GünayH.GeurtsenW. and LührsA.-K., Push-out strength of fiber posts depending on the type of root canal filling and resin cement, Clin. Oral Invest.15 (2011), 273–281.
15.
PeumansM.HikitaK.De MunckJ.Van LanduytK.PoitevinA.LambrechtsP. and Van MeerbeekB., Bond durability of composite luting agents to ceramic when exposed to long-term thermocycling, Oper. Dent.32 (2007), 372–379.
16.
HikitaK.Van MeerbeekB.De MunckJ.IkedaT.Van LanduytK.MaidaT.LambrechtsP. and PeumansM., Bonding effectiveness of adhesive luting agents to enamel and dentin, Dent. Mater.23 (2007), 71–80.
17.
KesrakP. and LeevailojC., Surface hardness of resin cement polymerized under different ceramic materials, Int. J. Dent.2012 (2012), 317509.
18.
De MunckJ.ShiraiK.YoshidaY.InoueS.Van LanduytK.LambrechtsP.SuzukiK.ShintaniH. and Van MeerbeekB., Effect of water storage on the bonding effectiveness of 6 adhesives to Class I cavity dentin, Oper. Dent.31 (2006), 456–465.
19.
Van MeerbeekB.Van LanduytK.De MunckJ.HashimotoM.PeumansM.LambrechtsP.YoshidaY.InoueS. and SuzukiK., Technique-sensitivity of contemporary adhesives, Dent. Mater. J.24 (2005), 1–13.
20.
ShiraiK.De MunckJ.YoshidaY.InoueS.LambrechtsP.SuzukiK.ShintaniH. and Van MeerbeekB., Effect of cavity configuration and aging on the bonding effectiveness of six adhesives to dentin, Dent. Mater.21 (2005), 110–124.
21.
Van LanduytK.L.SnauwaertJ.De MunckJ.CoutinhoE.PoitevinA.YoshidaY.SuzukiK.LambrechtsP. and Van MeerbeekB., Origin of interfacial droplets with one-step adhesives, J. Dent. Res.86 (2007), 739–744.
22.
SpencerP. and WangY., Adhesive phase separation at the dentin interface under wet bonding conditions, J. Biomed. Mater. Res.62 (2002), 447–456.
23.
GoracciC.CuryA.H.PapacchiniF.TayF.R. and FerrariM., Microtensile bond strength and interfacial properties of self-etching and self-adhesive resin cements used to lute composite onlays under different seating forces, J. Adhes. Dent.8 (2006), 327–335.
24.
TayF.R.KingN.M.SuhB.I. and PashleyD.H., Effect of delayed activation of light-cured resin composites on bonding of all-in-one adhesives, J. Adhes. Dent.3 (2001), 207–225.
25.
ChieffiN.ChersoniS.PapacchiniF.VanoM.GoracciC.DavidsonC.L.TayF.R. and FerrariM., The effect of application sustained seating pressure on adhesive luting procedure, Dent. Mater.23 (2007), 159–164.
26.
ZortukM.BolpacaP.KilicK.OzdemirE. and AgulogluS., Effects of finger pressure applied by dentists during cementation of all ceramic crowns, Eur. J. Dent.4 (2010), 383–388.
27.
TayF.R.FrankenbergerR.KrejciI.BouillaguetS.PashleyD.H.CarvalhoR.M. and LaiC.N.S., Single-bottle adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. I. In vivo evidence, J. Dent.32 (2004), 611–621.
28.
IlieN. and HickelR., Correlation between ceramics translucency and polymerization efficiency through ceramics, Dent. Mater.24 (2008), 908–914.
29.
KochA.KroegerM.HartungM.ManetsbergerI.HillerK.A.SchmaltzG. and FriedlK.H., Influence of ceramic translucency on curing efficacy of different light curing units, J. Adhes. Dent.9 (2007), 449–462.
30.
PassosS.P.KimparaE.T.BottinoM.A.SanotosG.C.Jr. and RizkallaA.S., Effect of ceramic shade on the degree of conversion of a dual-cure resin cement analyzed by FTIR, Dent. Mater.29 (2013), 317–323.
31.
EmamiN.SöderholmK.-J.M. and BerglundL.A., Effect of light-power density variations on bulk curing properties of dental composites, J. Dent.31 (2003), 189–196.
32.
ÖztürkE.HickelR.BolayS. and IlieN., Micromechanical properties of veneer luting resins after curing through ceramics, Clin. Oral Invest.16 (2012), 139–146.
33.
JungH.FriedlK.H.HillerK.A.FurchH.BernhartS. and SchmalzG., Polymerization efficiency of different photocuring units through ceramic discs, Oper. Dent.31 (2006), 68–77.
34.
KrämerN.ReineltC.RichterG. and FrankenbergerR., Four-year clinical performance and marginal analysis of pressed glass ceramic inlays luted with ormocer restorative vs. conventional luting composite, J. Dent.37 (2009), 813–819.
35.
KrämerN. and FrankenbergerR., Clinical performance of bonded leucite-reinforced glass ceramic inlays and onlays after eight years, Dent. Mater.21 (2005), 262–271.
36.
FrankenbergerR.TaschnerM.Garcia-GodoyF.PetscheltA. and KrämerN., Leucite-reinforced glass ceramic inlays and onlays after 12 years, J. Adhes. Dent.10 (2008), 393–398.
37.
KameyamaA.HatayamaH.KatoJ.HaruyamaA.TeraokaH.TakaseY.YoshinariM. and TsunodaM., Spectral characteristics of light-curing units and dental adhesives, J. Photopolym. Sci. Technol.24 (2011), 411–416.
38.
DaronchM.RueggebergR.A.De GoesM.F. and GiudiciR., Polymerization kinetics of pre-heated composite, J. Dent. Res.85 (2006), 38–43.
39.
DebS.SilvioL.D.MacklerH.E. and MillerB.J., Pre-warming of dental composites, Dent. Mater.27 (2011), e51–e59.
40.
LuceyS.LynchL.D.RayN.J.BurkeF.M. and HanniganA., Effect of pre-heating on the viscosity and microhardness of resin composite, J. Oral Rehabil.37 (2010), 278–282.
41.
CantoroA.GoracciC.ConiglioI.MagniE.PolimeniA. and FerrariM., Influence of ultrasound application on inlays luting with self-adhesive resin cements, Clin. Oral Invest.25 (2011), 617–623.
