Abstract
In logical sequence to the studies on isohemagglutination of human blood, the results of which have been presented to this Society 1 and recently published in detail, have followed estimations of certain physico-chemical properties of the blood of normal and of immunized animals. In human bloods three rather definite groups were found as regards interagglutination of corpuscles, groups which correspond to relative differences in tonicity of the bloods in question. The method principally relied on in the estimation of differences in the molecular concentration of various human bloods was that of the relative susceptibility of the respective blood corpuscles to hemolysis by salt solutions of different concentrations, a method which has been employed by Hamburger and others as the most delicate for this purpose.
In normal rabbits and guinea-pigs the percentage of hemolysis in a salt solution of given concentration is found to be in surprising correspondence between individuals of the same species. The mean isotonic solution in twenty two determinations of rabbit blood, comprising seventeen individuals, was found to be between 0.65 per cent. and 0.7 per cent. sodium chloride. In nine guinea-pigs the isotonic mean was found to be 0.1 per cent. salt solution lower than that of rabbits'blood (0.55 per cent. to 0.6 per cent.). The comparison of the freezing point of the whole defibrinated blood and of the blood serum of these two species, in several individuals, showed a corresponding difference in the freezing point of from 0.04°-0.06° C.
Rabbits were immunized with B. typhosus or B. ozew or the blood of guinea-pigs respectively; guinea-pigs were immunized with rabbit blood. In from nine to fourteen days after the last of several injections these animals were bled, the resistance of their corpuscles tested, and in many instances the freezing points of their defibrinated blood or of their sera determined.
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