Classification of the Culture-Bound Reactive Syndromes *

Astrup C. Fossum A. Holmboe R. (1962). Prognosis in Functional Psychoses, Springfield, Ill.: C. C. Thomas.

Barnett S. A. (1964). Psychogenic deaths from stress in mammals. Viewpoints in Biology, 3: 203.

Bradford-Hill A. (1965). The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc. roy. Soc. Med., 58: 295.

Burton-Bradley B. G. (1963). “The Psychiatric Examination of the Papua and New Guinea Indigene” and “Culture and Mental Disorder”, Technical Paper No. 146, South Pacific Commission, Nouméa, New Caledonia.

Cannon W. B. (1942). Voodoo death. Amer. Anthropol., 44: 169.

Cawte J. E. (1965). Ethnopsychiatry in Central Australia. I and II. Brit J. Psychiat., 111: 1069.

Faergeman P. (1963). Psychogenic Psychoses. London: Butterworth.

Gerö G. (1943). The idea of psychogenesis in modern psychiatry and in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Rev., 30: 187.

Hocking F. (1965). Human reactions to extreme environmental stress. Med. J. Aust., 2: 477.

Hollender M. H. Hirsch S. J. (1964). Hysterical psychosis. Amer. J. Psychiat., 120: 1066.

Kretschmer E. (1934). Textbook of Medical Psychology (Eng. Trans, by Strauss E. B. ) London: Chatto and Windus.

Medlicott R. W. (1966). Brief psychotic episodes (Temporary insanity). New Zealand med. J., 65: 966.

Menninger K. Mayman M. Pruyser P. (1963). The Vital Balance. New York, Viking Press.

Meyer J. E. (1961a). Problems of Nosology and Nomenclature, in Zubin J. , ed., Field Studies in the Mental Disorders. New York: Grune and Stratton.

Meyer J. E. (1961b). An Internationally Acceptable Diagnostic Scheme Suitable for Comparative Psychiatric Studies, in Hoch P. Zubin J. , eds., Comparative Epidemiology of the Mental Disorders New York: Grune and Stratton.

Meyer J. E. (1961c). Diagnostiche Einteilungen und Diagnosen schemata in der Psychiatrie, in Psychiatrie der Gegenwart, ed. by Gruhle H. W. Band III. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Nycander G. (1963). The Concept of Psychic Diseases, Report on the 13th Congress of Scandinavian Psychiatrists, Act. psychiat. scand., Suppl. 169, Vol. 39.

Odegard O. (1957). Psychiatric Terminology, in Report of the Second Intern. Congress for Psychiatry. Zurich: Orell Fussli.

Roth M. (1963). Neurosis, psychosis and the concept of disease in psychiatry. Act. psychiat. Scand., 39: 128.

Schipkowensky N. (1960). Pathologische Reaktionen der Personlichkeit. Neurosen und psychogene Psychosen. 1 und 2 Teil. W. Maudrich Verlag, Wien.

Schneider K. (1959). Clinical Psychopathology. (Eng. Trans, by Hamilton M. W. ). New York: Grune and Stratton.

Slater E. (1965). Diagnosis of Hysteria. Brit. med. J., 1: 1395.

Stengel E. (1959). Classification of mental disorders. Bull. World Health Org., 21: 601.

Stevens H. (1965). Jumping Frenchmen of Maine. Arch. Neurol., 12: 311.

Temkin O. (1963). The Scientific Approach to Disease: Specific Entity and Individual Sickness. in Scientific Change, ed. by Crombie A. C. , p. 629. Basic Books, New York.

Weidman H (1966). The Self-Concept as a Crucial Link between Social Science and Psychiatry. Paper presented at the 65th Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association Pittsburgh, Penn.

Yap P. M. (1951). Mental diseases peculiar to certain cultures. J. Ment. Sci., 9: 313.

Yap P. M. (1952). The Latah Reaction. J. Ment. Sci., 98: 515.

Yap P. M. (1958a). Hypereridism and attempted suicide in Chinese. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 127: 34.

Yap P. M. (1958b). Suicide in Hong Kong, with Special Reference to Attempted Suicide. London: Oxford Univ. Press.

Yap P. M. (1960). The possession syndrome: a comparison of Hong Kong and French findings. J. Ment. Sci., 106: 114.

Yap P. M. (1962). Words and things in comparative psychiatry, with special reference to the exotic psychoses. Act. psychiat. Scand., 38: 163.

Yap P. M. (1965a). Koro — a culture-bound depersonalization syndrome. Brit. J. Psychiat., 111: 43.

Yap P. M. (1965b). Phenomenology of Affective Disorder in Chinese and Other Cultures, in de Reuck A.V.S. Porter R. , eds., Transcultural Psychiatry. London: Ciba Foundation.

Yap P. M. (1966). The Culture-bound Reactive Syndromes. Paper presented at the Conference on ‘Mental Health Research in Asia and the Pacific’ in the Institute of Advanced Projects, East-West Centre, Honolulu. To appear in Mental Health Research in Asia and the Pacific, ed. by W. Caudill and T. Y. Lin, East-West Centre Press, Honolulu, 1968.

Zaguirre J. C. (1957). Amuck J. Philippine Fed. of Private Med. Practitioners, 6: 1138.