As of 2004, more than 114,000 individuals with intellectual/developmental disabilities in the United States were identified as receiving supports for community-based nonwork (CBNW), that is, activities that do not involve paid employment but do take place in the community rather than that in a facility (Institute for Community Inclusion, 2007). Little is known, however, about the nature of CBNW as implemented by provider agencies and experienced by people with intellectual/developmental disabilities. This manuscript reports the findings of case studies of CBNW in two states with well-established CBNW supports. Success of CBNW in meeting goals such as individualization, integration, choice, and independence varied from state to state and from site to site. This variability suggests a need for clearer standards and best practices for CBNW.
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