The factorial structure of two tests of cognitive style (the Children's Embedded Figures Test and the Matching Familiar Figures Test-20) and one test of cognitive ability (Raven Progressive Matrices) was examined in this study with a sample of 337 boys and 287 girls between ages 6 and 11 years. Factor I related to Impulsivity and Factor II related to cognitive ability and disembedding skills, which were stable across age groups and sex and accounted for 84.6% of variance.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Amador-CamposJ. A.Kirchner-NebotT. (1997) Relations of scores on Children's Embedded Figures Test with age, item difficulty and internal consistency. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85, 675–682.
2.
CairnsE.CammockT. (1978) Development of a more reliable version of the Matching Familiar Figures Test. Developmental Psychology, 14, 555–560.
3.
Carrillo-De-La-PenaM. T.OteroJ. M.RomeroE. (1993) Comparison among various methods of assessment on impulsiveness. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 77, 565–575.
4.
HairJ. F.AndersonR. E.TathamR. L.BlackW. C. (1995) Multivariate data analysis. (4th ed.) Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
5.
HardyR. C.EljotJ.BurlingameK. (1987) Stability over age and sex of children's responses to Embedded Figures Test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 64, 399–406.
6.
HollingsheadA. B. (1975) Four-factor index of social status. New Haven, CT: Yale Univer.
7.
KaganJ.RossmanB. L.DayA.AlbertJ.PhillipsW. (1964) Information processing in the child: Significance of analytic and reflective attitudes. Psychological Monographs, 78, No. 1 (Whole No. 578).
8.
Kalyan-MasihV. (1985) Cognitive performance and cognitive style. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 8, 39–54.
9.
KarpS. A.KonstadtN. (1963) Manual for the Children's Embedded Figures Test. Brooklyn, NY: Author.
10.
Kirchner-NebotT.Amador-CamposJ. A. (1998) Internal consistency of scores on Matching Familiar Figures Test-20 and correlation of scores with age. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 86, 803–807.
11.
LinnM. C.KyllonenP. (1981) The field dependence-independence construct: Some, one, or none. Journal of Educational Psychology, 2, 261–273.
12.
McKennaF. P. (1984) Measures of field dependence: Cognitive style or cognitive ability?Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 593–603.
13.
PaulsenK. (1978) Reflection-impulsivity and level of maturity. Journal of Psychology, 99, 109–112.
14.
RavenJ. C. (1938/1958) Standard Progressive Matrices: Oxford, UK: Oxford Psychologists Press.
RidingR. J.DyerV. A. (1983) The nature of learning styles and their relationship to cognitive performance in children. Educational Psychology, 3, 275–287.
17.
SwyterL.MichaelW. B. (1982) The interrelationships of four measures hypothesized to represent the field dependence-field independence construct. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 42, 877–888.
18.
WitkinH. A.GoodenouchD. R. (1981) Cognitive styles: Essence and origins. New York: International Universities Press.
19.
WitkinH. A.LewisH. B.HertzmanM.MacHoverK.Brentnall-MeissnerP.WapnerS. (1954) Personality through perception. New York: Harper.