Scores on three subscales of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire were analyzed to assess whether competitive orientation of 40 female athletes differed from that of 36 nonparticipants and whether competitive orientation differentiated among athletes participating in different sports. Intercollegiate women athletes from three sports (basketball = 12; Softball = 16; and volleyball = 12) and a control group of 36 women who did not participate in athletics were respondents. Scores on Win and Competition significantly discriminated among groups. Scores of the control group were significantly lower than those of each group of athletes. No other comparisons were significant.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
GillD. L. (1986) Competitiveness among females and males in physical activity classes. Sex Roles, 15, 233–247.
2.
GillD. L. (1988) Gender differences in competitive orientation and sport participation. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 19, 145–159.
3.
GillD. L. (1993) Competitiveness and competitive orientation in sport. In SingerR. N.MurpheyM., & TennantL. K. (Eds.), Handbook of research on sport psychology. New York: Macmillan. Pp. 314–327.
4.
GillD. L., & DeeterT. E. (1988) Development of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 59, 191–202.
5.
GillD. L.DzewaltowskiD. A., & DeeterT. E. (1988) The relationship of competitive and achievement orientation to participation in sport and nonsport activities. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 10, 139–150.
MartensR. L. (1976) Competitiveness and sport. Paper presented at the International Congress of Physical Activity Sciences, Quebec City.
8.
OldsD. E., & ShaverP. (1980) Masculinity, femininity, academic performance and health: further evidence concerning the androgyny controversy. Journal of Personality, 48, 323–341.
