This study indicated that a variety of survey techniques resulted in a modest return rate (66%) in a national survey of 455 exercise professionals. A $1.00 bill incentive was significantly more effective than no incentive in improving returns, and the rate of double responses in this anonymous mail survey was extremely low (<1%).
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ArmstrongJ. S., & LuskE. J.Return postage in mail surveys: a meta-analysis. Public Opinion Quarterly, 1987, 51, 233–248.
2.
FoxR. J.CraskM. R., & KimJ.Mail survey response rate meta-analysis of selected techniques for inducing response. Public Opinion Quarterly. 1988. 52, 467–491.
3.
JamesJ. M., & BolsteinR.The effect of monetary incentives and follow-up mailings on the response rate and response quality in mail surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly, 1990, 54, 346–361.
4.
MossV. D., & WorthenB. R.Do personalization and postage make a difference on response rates to surveys of professional populations?Psychological Reports, 1991, 68, 692–694.
5.
RobersonM. T., & SundstromE.Questionnaire design, return rates, and response favorableness in an employee attitude questionnaire. Journal of Applied Psychology, 199075, 354–357.
6.
YammarinoF. J.SkinnerS. J., & ChildersT. L.Understanding mail survey response behavior: a meta-analysis. Public Opinion Quarterly, 1990, 55, 613–639.
