A scale to assess sleep disturbance of children with developmental disabilities is reported. The scale has been used with a small sample of 14 children diagnosed as having Tourette Disorder, 36 physically handicapped children (cerebral palsy). Also, a group of 115 nonhandicapped Native American children were surveyed to assess whether the items might be appropriate for use with such children. The scale has 6 distinct factors and appears to have adequate reliability and validity.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BakwinH. (1970) Sleep walking in twins. Lancet, 2, 446–447.
2.
BarabasG.MathewsM. (1984) Disorders of arousal in Gilles de la Touretre's syndrome. Neurology, 34, 815–817.
3.
BurdL.DoddJ.FisherW. (1984) Making functional time estimates: Comparisons of school-aged learning disabled and other children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 59, 967–973.
4.
BurdL.DoddJ.GrasselP. (1981) A comparison of reservation Native Americans and public school children's time estimation skills. Child Study Journal, 4, 247–252.
5.
BurdL.GasconG. (1988) Rett Syndrome: A review and discussion of the current diagnostic criteria. Journal of Child Neurology, 3, 263–268.
6.
BusbyK.FirestoneP.PivixR. T. (1981) Sleep patterns in hyperkinetic and normal children. Sleep, 4, 366–383.
7.
CarskadonM. A.HarveyK.DukeP.AndersT. F.LittI.DementW. C. (1980) Pubertal changes in daytime sleepiness. Sleep, 2, 453–460.
8.
CarskadonM. A.OravE. J.DementW. C. (1983) Evolution of sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescents. In GuilleminaultC.LugaresiE. (Eds.), Sleep/wake disorders: Natural history, epidemiology, and long-term evolution. New York: Raven. Pp. 201–216.
9.
CastaldoV. (1969) Down's syndrome: A study of sleep patterns related to level of mental retardation. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 74, 187–190.
10.
CirignottaF.ZucconiM.MondiniS.LenziP. L.LugaresiE. (1983) Enuresis, sleep walking and nightmares: An epidemiological survey in the Republic of San Marino. In GuilleminaultC.LugaresiE. (Eds.), Sleep/wake disorders: Natural history, epidemiology and long-term evolution. New York: Raven. Pp. 237–241.
11.
DoddJ. M.GriswoldP. E.SmithG. H.BurdL. (1985) A comparison of learning disabled and other children on the ability to make functional time estimates. Child Study Journal, 15, 189–197.
12.
GlazeD. G.FrostJ. D.Jr.El HibriH. Y.PercyA. K. (1987) Rett's syndrome: Characterization of respiratory patterns and sleep. Annals of Neurology, 21, 377–382.
13.
GuilleminaultC. (1987) Sleep and its disorders in children. New York: Raven.
14.
HallstromR. (1972) Night terror in adults through three generations. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 48, 350–352.
15.
KalesA.SoldatosC. R.BixlerE. O.LaddaR. L.CharneyD. S.WeberG.SchweitzerP. K. (1980) Hereditary factors in sleep walking and night terrors. British Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 111–118.
16.
KlackenbergG. (1982a) Sleep behavior studied longitudinally: Data from 4–16 years on duration, night awakening and bedtime. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 71, 501–506.
17.
KlackenbergG. (1982b) Somnambulism in childhood—prevalence, course and behavioral correlations. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 71, 495–499.
18.
NieN. H.HullC. H.JenkinsJ. G.SteinbrennerK.BentD. H. (1975) Spss: Statistical package for the social sciences. (2nd ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill.
19.
OrnitzE. M.RitvoE. R.BrownM. B. (1969) The Eeg and rapid eye movements during Rem sleep in normal and autistic children. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 26, 167–175.
20.
Petre-QuadensO. (1972) Sleep in mental retardation. In ClementeC. D.PurpuraD. P.MayerF. E. (Eds.), Sleep and the maturing nervous system. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 384–417.
21.
SchmidtH. S.KaelblingR.AlexanderJ. (1968) Sleep patterns in mental retardates: Mongoloids and monozygomatic twins. Psychophysiology, 5, 212.
22.
WelsteinC.DementW. C.RedingtonD.GuilleminaultC.MitlerM. M. (1983) Insomnia in the San Francisco Bay area: A telephone survey. In GuilleminaultC.LugaresiE. (Eds.), Sleep/wake disorders: Natural history, epidemiology, and long-term evolution. New York: Raven. Pp. 237–241.
23.
WhiteL.HahnP.MitlerM. M. (1983) Sleep questionnaire. In ChaeM. H.WalterD. F. (Eds.), Adolescents in sleep research. Los Angeles, Ca: Ucla Brain Research Institute/Brain Information Service. P. 9.