A therapist's expertness, trustworthiness, empathy, and attractiveness were evaluated by 300 subjects after viewing a 5-min. videotape of a therapist-client interaction. Therapist's level of self-disclosure and formality were the independent variables. Ratings of trustworthiness were highest when the therapist was informal. Therapist's high disclosure of depression yielded decreased ratings of attractiveness, empathy, and expertness in comparison with no disclosure by the therapist.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BarakA., & DellD. M. (1977) Differential perceptions of counselor behavior: replication and extension. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24, 288–292.
2.
BarakA., & LaCrosseM. B. (1975) Multidimensional perception of counselor behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 6, 471–476.
3.
DaherD. M., & BanikiotesP. G. (1976) Interpersonal attraction and rewarding aspects of disclosure content and level. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 492–496.
4.
FriedR. G. (1983) Therapist self-disclosure: impact of content, intensity and intimacy of disclosure on subjects' perceptions of and willingness to seek him out as a therapist. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Hofstra Univer.
5.
GassC. S. (1984) Therapeutic influence as a function of therapist attire and the seating arrangement in an initial interview. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40, 52–57.
6.
Hoffman-GraffM. A. (1977) Interviewer use of positive and negative self-disclosure and interviewer-subject sex pairing. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 25, 581–584.
7.
KerrB. A., & DellD. M. (1976) Perceived interviewer expertness and attractiveness: effects of interviewer behavior and attire and interview setting. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23, 553–556.
8.
LaCrosseM. B., & BarakA. (1976) Differential perception of counselor behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23, 170–172.
9.
McCarthyP. R., & BetzN. E. (1978) Differential effects of self-disclosing versus self-involving counselor statements. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 25, 251–256.
10.
SimonsonN. (1976) The impact of therapist disclosure on patient disclosure. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23, 3–6.
11.
SorensonA. G. (1967) Toward an instructional model for counseling. Occasional Report No. 6, Center for the Study of Instructional Program, University of California, Los Angeles.
12.
StillmanS., & ResnickH. (1972) Does counselor attire matter?Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17, 191–196.
13.
TesslerR. C. (1975) Clients' reactions to initial interviews: determinants of relationship-centered and problem-centered satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 22, 187–191.