778 students in a 4-yr. urban commuter college were tested to determine the effects of exercise and diet on self-reported discomfort. High exercisers reported significantly less physical discomfort than moderate or low exercisers. Greater consumption of sweets and fast food were significantly related to reported physical discomfort regardless of levels of exercise High levels of fruit and vegetable consumption were associated with less discomfort in high exercisers. High dairy consumption was significantly related to fewer symptoms for high exercisers. Men who reported high ingestion of caffeine had significantly more discomfort than those who reported moderate to lower ingestion of caffeine.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
CollingwoodT. R.The effects of physical training upon behavior and self-attitudes. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1971, 27, 411–412.
2.
CollingwoodT. R.The effects of physical training upon behavior and self-attitudes. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1972, 28, 583–585.
3.
CooperK. H.The new aerobics. New York: Bantam Books, 1970.
4.
CuretonT. J.Improvement of psychological states by means of exercise fitness programs. Journal of Physical and Mental Rehabilitation, 1963, 17, 14–17.
5.
DeVriesH. A.Immediate and long-term effects of exercise upon resting model action potential level. Journal of Sports Medicine, 1968, 8, 1–11.
6.
FolkinsC. H.Effects of physical training on mood. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1976, 32, 385–388.
7.
FolkinsC. H., & SimeW. E.Physical training and mental health. American Psychologist, 1981, 36, 373–389.
8.
IsmailA. H., & YoungJ.Influence of physical fitness on second and third-order personality factors using orthogonal and oblique rotations. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1976, 32, 268–273.
9.
LanyonR. I.Psychological Screening Inventory manual. New York: Research Psychologists Press, 1973.
10.
McGlennR. L.Relationship of personality and self-image change of high and low fitness adolescent to selected activity programs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, United States International Univer., 1976. (Abstract)
11.
WeinbergJ. C.MandelH., & MillerG. H.The relationship between various dietary factors and MMPI subscales: implication for clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1979, 35, 880–886.
