In Exp. 2 of Siegler's 1976 study a faulty quasi-experimental design was used. The stated results, that older and younger children with apparently equal initial performance derived different benefits from identical experience, can also be explained by a confounding with regression toward the mean. These effects are a result of a selective matching of subjects from two age groups on a fallible variable correlated with age.
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References
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CampbellD. T.StanleyJ. C.Experimental and quasi-experimental design for research on teaching. In GageN. L. (Ed.) Handbook on research on teaching. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1963. Pp. 171–246.