A figure-placement procedure was used to measure projected social distances which 39 students perceived between themselves and stimulus persons of either higher or lower status. After receiving valid praise from their partners, projected social distances were significantly closer than after false praise (flattery). Male subjects responded with larger projected social distances for false praise than did females. In this condition a clear parallel was obtained between the physical spacing in a laboratory situation and the projected social distances of the figure-placement task.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AdlerL. L.Interpersonal distance as a function of task difficulty and praise from high or low status partners of the same or the opposite sex. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Adelphi Univer., 1972.
2.
AdlerL. L.Interpersonal distance as a function of task difficulty, praise, status orientation, and sex of partner. Paper read at the 44th Annual Meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Washington, D.C., May 1973.
3.
AdlerL. L., & GraubertJ. G.Projected social distances from mental patient-related items by male and female volunteers and non-volunteers. Psychological Reports, 1975, 37, 515–521.
4.
AdlerL. L., & IversonM. A.Interpersonal distance as a function of task difficulty, praise, status orientation, and sex of partner. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1974, 39, 683–692.
5.
ArgyleM., & DeanJ.Eye-contact, distance and affiliation. Sociometry, 1965, 28, 289–304.
6.
BurckhardtD.Möwenbeobachtungen in Basel. Ornithologischer Beobachter, 1944, 5, 49–76.
GraubertJ. G., & AdlerL. L.Comparisons between volunteers and nonvolunteers of projected social distances from mental patient-related stimuli. Proceedings, 80th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, 1972, 8, 209–210.
9.
GraubertJ. G., & AdlerL. L.PSD as a measure of attitudes toward mental patient-related stimulus items: a study of projected social distance. Paper read at the New York State Psychological Association Meeting, New York, N.Y., April 1973.
10.
IversonM. A., & AdlerL. L.The effect of demeanor and status on interpersonal distance and schema. Paper read at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, N.Y., April 1971.
11.
KleckR.BuckP. L.GollerW. L.LondonR. S.PfeifferJ. R., & VukcevicD. P.Effect of stigmatizing conditions on the use of personal space. Psychological Reports, 1968, 23, 111–118.
12.
LeipoldW. D.Psychological distance in a dyadic interview. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Univer. of North Dakota, 1963.
13.
SommerR.Studies in personal space. Sociometry, 1959, 22, 247–260.
14.
SommerR.Small group ecology. Psychological Bulletin, 1967, 67, 145–152.
15.
WilliamsJ. L.Personal space and its relation to extroversion-introversion. Unpublished Master's thesis, Univer. of Alberta, 1963.
