A previous finding by the present authors, that children's afterimages (AI) may be affected by the AI theory presented to them, was cross-validated in a sample of 29, aged 9 to 10 yr. The present study, where instructions were suddenly reversed in the middle of a series of 10 AI measurements, also showed that instruction effects were facilitated both by the child's ability to comprehend the instruction and the degree of correspondence between the “theoretical” message and the child's level of maturity.
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