Three studies were conducted to elucidate the nature of creativity, as defined by scores on a personality questionnaire. In Study I (N = 231) a cluster analysis suggested two important components for highly creative Ss: a bipolar cluster of personal vs impersonal competence, and an adventurousness cluster. In Study II (N = 160) it was predicted and found that Ss who were personally competent would respond more on a verbal conditioning task if E preceded the conditioning with a friendly (socially enhanced) interaction, while impersonally treated but competent Ss conditioned better in a skill than in a chance condition. In Study III (N = 62) adventurous Ss took more risks in two different classroom investigations. Additional findings are presented which suggest errors in previous conceptualizations of creativity.
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