The performance of 60 fourth grade children under stress and nonstress conditions and 5 levels of response competition was investigated. Based on the Hullian proposition that habit and drive combine, it was predicted that stress would affect performance differentially, depending upon the nature of the incongruous stimuli. Significant main effects of stress and competition and their interaction were found.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BrovermanD. M.Dimensions of cognitive style. J. Pers., 1960, 28, 168–185.
2.
BrovermanD. M.LazarusR. S.Individual differences in task performance under conditions of cognitive interference. J. Pers., 1958, 26, 94–105.
3.
BrownW.Practice in associating color-names with colors. Psychol. Rev., 1915, 22, 45–55.
4.
CastanedaA.PalermoD. S.Psychomotor performance as a function of amount of training and stress. J. exp. Psychol., 1955, 50, 175–179.
5.
ComalliP. E.Jr.WapnerS.WernerH.Interference effects of Stroop colorword test in childhood, adulthood, and aging. J. genet. Psychol., 1962, 100, 47–53.
6.
HochmanS. H.The effects of stress on Stroop color-word performance. Psychon. Sci., 1967, 9, 475–476.
7.
HullC. L.Principles of behavior. New York: Appleton-Century, 1943.
8.
KleinG. S.Semantic power measured through the interference of words with colornaming. Amer. J. Psychol., 1964, 77, 576–588.
9.
LigonE. M.A genetic study of color naming and word reading. Amer. J. Psychol., 1932, 44, 103–121.
10.
LundF. H.The role of practice in speed of association. J. exp. Psychol., 1927, 10, 424–433.
11.
SchillerP. H.Developmental study of color-word interference. J. exp. Psychol., 1966, 72, 105–108.
12.
StroopJ. R.Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. J. exp. Psychol., 1935, 18, 643–662.
13.
WapnerS.KrusD. M.Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide, and differences between normals and schizophrenics on the Stroop color-word test. J. Neuropsychiat., 1960, 2, 76–81.
14.
WernerH.Comparative psychology of mental development. (Rev. ed.) New York: International Univer. Press, 1957.