75 adults were asked to estimate the correct time of day without reference to clocks at each of 6 times of day from 8:00 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. Significant group mean differences were found, with underestimation of correct time at mid-day and overestimation at early (8:00–10:00 A.M.) and later (6:00–8:00 P.M.) times of day.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AderR.Gastric erosions in the rat: Effects of immobilization at different points in the activity cycle. Science, 1964, 145, 406–407.
2.
AschoffJ.Circadian rhythms in man. Science, 1965, 148, 1427–1432.
3.
CrespiL. P.Quantitative variation of incentive and performance in the white rat. Amer. J. Psychol., 1942, 53, 467–517.
4.
EdwardsA. L.Experimental design in psychological research. New York: Rinehart, 1960.
5.
HalbergF.Periodicity analysis: A potential tool for biometeorologists. Int. J. Biometeor, 1963, 7, 167–191.
6.
HalbergF.HalbergE.BarnumC. P.BittnerJ. J.Physiologic 24-hr. periodicity in human beings and mice, the lighting regimen and daily routine. In WithrowA. R. (Ed.), Photoperiodism and related phenomena in plants and animals. Washington, D. C.: AAAS, 1959. Pp. 803–878.
7.
LewisD.Quantitative methods in psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1960.
8.
LockardR. B.Some effects of light upon the behavior of rodents. Psychol. Bull., 1963, 60, 509–529.
9.
RobertsS. K.Photoreception and entrainment of cockroach activity rhythms. Science, 1965, 148, 958–959.
10.
ThorD. H.Diurnal variability in time estimation. Percept. mot. Skills, 1962, 15, 451–454. (a)
11.
ThorD. H.Time perspective and time of day. Psychol. Rec., 1962, 12, 417–422. (b)
12.
ThorD. H.CrawfordM. L. J.Time perception during a two-week confinement: Influence of age, sex, IQ, and time of day. Acta Psychol., 1964, 22, 78–84.