A series of experiments were performed to explore a possible phenomenon whereby Ss when forced to state an opinion, reported that the first of two equally frequent, generally sequential stimuli, occurred more often than the second. A learning theory basis for such a phenomenon was offered, and suggestions for additional systematic examination of it were made.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
HakeH. W.GrantD. A., & HornsethJ. P.Resistance to extinction and pattern of reinforcement: III. The effect of trial patterning in verbal “conditioning.”J. exp. Psychol., 1951, 41, 221–225.
2.
HumphreysL. G.Acquisition and estimation of verbal expectations in a situation analogous to conditioning. J. exp. Psychol., 1939, 25, 294–301.
3.
HumphreysL. G.MillerJ., & EllsonD. G.The effect of the inter-trial interval on the acquisition, extinction, and recovery of verbal expectations. J. exp. Psychol., 1940, 27, 195–202.
4.
KimbleG.Hilgard and Marquis' Conditioning and learning. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1961.
5.
KoffkaK.Principles of Gestalt psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1935.
6.
LauensteinO.Ansatz zu einer physiologischen Theorie des Vergleichs unter der Zeitfleher. Psychol. Forsch., 1933, 17, 130–177. In KoffkaK., Principles of Gestalt psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1935.
7.
StricklandL. H.GruderC. L., & KroupaK. W.Response time as a cue in person perception. Psychol. Rep., 1964, 15, 827–837.