55 children aged 5 to 9 years were asked to draw pictures depicting happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, and fear as well as pictures that did not express any emotion. These pictures were then scored by nonexpert adults for their overall emotional expressiveness, that is, how well they depicted the intended emotion. The results showed that drawings were generally regarded by adults as emotionally expressive. Happiness was the emotion most easily recognized in children's drawings, closely followed by sadness. The results also showed a linear increase in ratings of emotional expressiveness with age.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BuckalewL. W., & BellA. (1985) Effects of colour on mood in the drawing of young children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 61, 689–690.
2.
CarothersT., & GardnerH. (1979) When children's drawings become art: the emergence of aesthetic production and perception. Developmental Psychology, 15, 570–580.
3.
CoxM. V. (2005) The pictorial world of the child. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge, Univer. Press.
4.
DavisJ. H. (1997) The what and the whether of the U: cultural implications of understanding development in graphic symbolization. Human Development, 40, 145–154.
5.
GardnerH., & WinnerE. (1982) First intimations of artistry. In StraussS. (Ed.), U-shaped behavioral growth. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 147–168.
6.
GolombC. (1992) The child's creation of a pictorial world. Berkeley, CA: Univer. of California Press.
7.
IvesS. W. (1984) The development of expressivity in drawing. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 54, 152–159.
8.
JolleyR. R.FennK., & JonesL. (2004) The development of children's expressive drawing. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22, 545–567.
9.
MorraS.CaloniB., & D'AmicoM. R. (1994) Working memory and the intentional depiction of emotions. Archives de Psychologie, 62, 71–87.
10.
WinstonA. S.KenyonB.StewardsonJ., & LepineT. (1995) Children's sensitivity to expression of emotion in drawings. Visual Arts Research, 21, 1–15.
11.
ZagorskaW. (1996) Pictorial expression of emotions. Polish Quarterly of Developmental Psychology, 2, 63–68.