The present study investigated the types of inaccurate responses, i.e., Don't Know, Semantic, Visual (nonlinguistic), Phonological, Circumlocutory, and Perseverative, made on the Hooper Visual Organization Test by a heterogeneous sample of 68 brain-damaged and 63 substance abuse patients. The mean age of the brain-damaged and substance abuse groups were 46.0 (SD = 13.5) and 43.7 (SD = 12.9) yr., respectively. Analysis showed that the brain-damaged group made significantly more visual and perseverative responses than the substance abuse group. There was significantly more variance in the Visual responses than the Semantic responses for the brain-damaged group. The authors conclude that visuospatial ability is the primary factor for successful performance on this test.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BoydJ. L. (1981) A validity study of the Hooper Visual Organization Test. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 15–19.
2.
BoydJ. L. (1982) Reply to Rathbun and Smith: who made the Hooper blooper?Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 284–285.
3.
FitzA. G.ConradP. M.HomD. L.SarffP.MajovskiL. V. (1992) Hooper Visual Organization Test performance in lateralized brain injury. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 7, 243–250.
4.
GersonA. (1974) Validity and reliability of the Hooper Visual Organization Test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 39, 95–100.
5.
GuilfordJ. P.FruchterB. (1978) Fundamental statistics in psychology and education. (6th ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill.
6.
HooperH. E. (1952) Use of the Hooper Visual Organization Test in the differentiation of organic brain pathology from normal, psychoneurotic, and schizophrenic reaction. American Psychologist, 7, 350.
7.
HooperH. E. (1958) The Hooper Visual Organization Test manual. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
8.
LewisS.CampbellA.Takushi-ChinenR.BrownA.DennisG.WoodD.WeirR. (1997) Visual Organization Test performance in an African American population with acute unilateral cerebral lesions. International Journal of Neuroscience, 91, 295–302.
9.
LezakM. D. (1995) Neuropsychological assessment. (3rd ed.) New York: Oxford Univer.
10.
LoveH. G. (1970) Validation of the Hooper Visual Organization Test on a New Zealand psychiatric hospital population. Psychological Reports, 27, 915–917.
11.
MitrushinaM. N.BooneK. B.D'EliaL. F. (1999) Handbook of normative data for neuropsychological assessment. New York: Oxford Univer.
12.
NadlerJ. D.GraceJ.WhiteD. A.ButtersM. A.MalloyP. F. (1996) Laterality differences in quantitative and qualitative Hooper performance. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 11, 223–229.
13.
PaoloA. M.CluffB. R.RyanJ. J. (1996) Influence of perceptual organization and naming abilities on the Hooper Visual Organization Test. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology, 9, 254–257.
14.
PaulR.CohenR.MoserD.OttB.ZawackiT.GordonN. (2001) Performance on the Hooper Visual Organization Test in patients diagnosed with subcortical vascular dementia: relation to naming performance. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology, 14, 93–97.
15.
RathbunJ.SmithA. (1982) Comment on the validity of Boyd's validation study of the Hooper Visual Organization Test. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 281–283.
16.
RickerJ. H.AxelrodB. N. (1995) Hooper Visual Organization Test: effects of object naming ability. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 9, 57–62.
17.
SohlbergM. M.MateerC. A. (1989) Introduction to cognitive rehabilitation. New York: Guilford.
18.
SpreenO.StraussE. (1998) A compendium of neuropsychological tests. (2nd ed.) New York: Oxford Univer.
19.
TamkinA. S.KunceJ. T. (1985) A comparison of three neuropsychological tests: the Weigl, Hooper, and Benton. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 41, 660–664.
20.
WalkerR. G. (1956) The revised Hooper Visual Organization Test as a measure of brain damage. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 12, 387–388.
21.
WalkerR. G. (1957) Schizophrenia and cortical involvement. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 125, 226–228.
22.
WangP. L. (1977) Visual organization ability in brain-damaged adults. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 45, 723–728.
23.
Western Psychological Services. (1983) The Hooper Visual Organization Test manual. (Rev. ed.) Los Angeles, CA: Author.
24.
WetzelL.MurphyG. S. (1991) Validity of the use of a discontinue rule and evaluation of discriminability of the Hooper Visual Organization Test. Neuropsychology, 5, 119–122.
25.
WoodwardA. C. (1982) The Hooper Visual Organization Test: a case against its use in neuropsychological assessment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 286–288.
