Training Expatriates for Managerial Assignments in Japan

Seward Jack , “Speaking the Japanese Business Language,” European Business (Winter 1975), pp. 40–47.

Adams T.E.M. Kobayashi N. , The World of Japanese Business (Tokyo: Kodansha International Ltd., 1969).

The interested reader may consult the following sources for analyses of these difficulties: Abegglen James C. (ed.), Business Strategies for Japan (Tokyo: Sophia University Press, 1970); Ballon R. J. , “Understanding the Japanese: Preparations for International Business,” Business Horizons (June 1970), pp. 21–30; De Monte Boye , How to Do Business in Japan: A Guide for International Businessmen (Los Angeles: Center for International Business, 1972); Glazer Herbert , The International Businessman in Japan (Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1968); and Tsurumi Yoshi , “Myths that Mislead U.S. managers in Japan,” Harvard Business Review (July-August 1971), pp. 118–127.

Zeira Yoram , “The Function of Management Development in the Process of Organizational Change,” Omega (August 1974), pp. 509–514; and Zeira Yoram , “The System Approach to Management Development: Studies in Frustration and Failure,” Organizational Dynamics (Autumn 1974), pp. 65–80.

This article reports the findings of an advanced stage of our international comparative study covering fifty-five MNCs; for a description of methodology and findings of previous phases see: Harari Ehud Zeira Yoram , “Morale Problems in Non-American Multinational Corporations in the United States,” Management International Review (1974), pp. 43–53; Zeira Yoram Harari Ehud Izraeli Dafna , “Some Structural and Cultural Factors in Ethnocentric Multinational Corporations and Employee Morale,” The Journal of Management Studies (February 1975), pp. 66–82; Zeira Yoram Harari Ehud , “Planned Organizational Change in Multinational Corporations,” Advanced Management Journal (July 1975), pp. 31–39; Zeira Yoram , “Overlooked Personnel Problems of Multinational Corporations,” Columbia Journal of World Business (Summer 1975), pp. 96–103; Harari Ehud Zeira Yoram , “Limitations and Prospects of Planned Change in Multinational Corporations,” Human Relations (July 1976), pp. 659–676; Zeira Yoram Harari Ehud , “Structural Sources of Personnel Problems in MNCs: Third Country Nationals,” Omega (April 1977), pp. 161–172; and Zeira Yoram Harari Ehud , “Genuine Multinational Staffing Policy: Expectations and Realities,” Academy of Management Journal (June 1977), pp. 327–333.

For a more elaborate description of this phase of our study in Japan see: Harari E. Zeira Y. , “Attitudes of Japanese and Non-Japanese Employees: A Cross-National Comparison in Uninational and Multinational Corporations,” International Journal of Comparative Sociology (September-December 1977), pp. 228–241.

Cited in Hanami Tadashi A. , “The Multinational Corporation and Japanese Industrial Relations,” in Kujawa Duane (ed.), International Labor and Multinational Enterprise (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1976).

Okochi K. Karsh B. Levin S. (eds.), Workers and Employers in Japan: The Japanese Employment Relations System (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1973); Oh Tai K. , “Japanese Management—A Critical Review,” The Academy of Management Review (January 1976), pp. 14–25.

Dore Ronald P. , British Factory—Japanese Factory (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1973); Drucker P. F. , “What We Can Learn from Japanese Management,” Harvard Business Review (March-April 1971), pp. 110–122; Rohlen Thomas P. , For Harmony and Strength (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1974); and Whitehill Arthur M. Takezawa Shinichi , The Other Worker (Honolulu: East-West Center Press, 1968).

Vogel Ezra (ed.), Modern Japanese Organizations and Decision Making (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1975).

Dore , op. cit.; Rohlen , op. cit.; Whitehill Takezawa , op. cit.; Yoshino M. Y. , Japan's Managerial System (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1968); Koko Toshiwo , “Motivation and Productivity,” in British Institute of Management (ed.), Modern Japanese Management (London: Management Publications, Ltd., 1969), pp. 67–81; Takeshi Inagami , “Rōdō ishiki Kenkyū no tenkai o mezashite: Atarashii rōdō kihan no seisei,” Nihon Rōdō Kyōkai Zasshi [Monthly Journal of the Japan Institute of Labor] (July 1974), pp. 38–52; Haire M. , Managerial Thinking: An International Study (New York: Wiley, 1966); Drucker , op. cit.

Yoshino , op. cit.; Noda Kazuo , “Big Business Organization,” in Vogel , op. cit., pp. 115–145.

Whitehill Takezawa , op. cit.; and Rohlen , op. cit.

Zeira Y. Harari E. , “Structural Sources of Personnel Problems in MNCs: TCNs,” Omega (April 1977), pp. 161–172.