Safety of Endovascular Treatment for CCSVI and Future Perspectives

Zamboni P Galeotti R Menegatti E . Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009;80:392–399.

Simka M . Cellular and molecular mechanisms of venous leg ulcers development–the “puzzle” theory. Int Angiol. 2010;29:1–19.

Zamboni P Galeotti R Menegatti E . Endovascular treatment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency, a prospective open-label study. J Vasc Surg. 2009;6:1348–1358.

Ludyga T Kazibudzki M Latacz P . Early results of a prospective open-label study on endovascular treatments for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in the patients with associated multiple sclerosis. Przeg Flebol. 2011;19:9–14.

Khan O Filippi M Freedman MS . Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2010;67:286–290.

Petrov I Grozdinski L Kaninski G . Safety profile of endovascular treatment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Endovasc Ther. 2011;18:314–323.

Ludyga T Kazibudzki M Simka M . Endovascular treatment for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: is the procedure safe? Phlebology. 2010;25:286–295.

Mandato K Hegener P Siskin G . Safety of outpatient endovascular treatment of the internal jugular and azygos veins for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) in multiple sclerosis: a retrospective analysis. [Abstract] J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2011;22:S4.