Abstract
Important improvements have been made in an in situ Raman cell developed to monitor the processes of lithium intercalation into the carbon and metal oxide materials used in lithium-ion cells. By reducing the electrolyte gap in the cell and changing the optical arrangement, the signal-to-noise ratio could be improved by a factor of about 20. The optimized cell gives optical access to either electrode (anode or cathode) employed in commercial lithium-ion batteries. The optical efficiency is such that Raman maps of electrode surface segments can be recorded under in situ conditions with an acquisition time of about 30 s per spectrum.
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