In this paper the nonlinear dynamics of a spur gear pair are researched based on the Incremental Harmonic Balance Method (IHBM), where the time-varying stiffness and backlash are included. Firstly, the general forms of the periodic solutions are established. Then the frequency-response of this system is investigated by IHBM, and the effects of damping ratio and amplitude of excitation on the response are also analyzed. Based on the results presented in this paper the periodic solution with arbitrary precision can be expeditiously obtained, which is useful in analyzing or controlling the dynamics of the gear system. Finally some problems ignored in other references are pointed out.
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