The purpose of the present investigation was to study the root surfaces of maxillary first premolars after rapid maxillary expansion. In one girl and one boy with posterior skeletal cross-bites and bimaxillary crowding, midpalatal expansion appliances anchored to the first maxillary premolars and molars were used. After the transversal expansion period all first premolars were examined radiographically and then extracted and investigated histologically. The histological investigation revealed active surface resorption of the maxillary first premolars.
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