Characterisation and crystallisation kinetics of glass ceramics developed from Erdemir blast furnace slags containing Cr 2 O 3 and TiO 2 nucleants

Abstract

Glass ceramic materials were developed from blast furnace slags doped with 5 wt-%TiO₂, 10 wt-%TiO₂, 5 wt-%Cr₂O₃ and 5 wt-%TiO₂+5 wt-%Cr₂O₃. Based on differential thermal analyses and optical microscopy, optimum conditions were determined as 18 h at 780°C and 20 min at 910°C, for nucleation and crystallisation respectively. X-ray diffraction investigations were carried out on the as nucleated and as crystallised samples. Akermanite (2CaO. MgO.2SiO₂) and gehlenite (2CaO.Al₂O₃.SiO₂) in addition to nucleant phases (TiO₂ and/or Cr₂O₃) appeared in crystallised samples. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed the presence of TiO₂ rich and Cr₂O₃ rich particles in the matrix after nucleation and crystallisation. Crystalline phases and nucleant (TiO₂ or Cr₂O₃) existed only on the surface of the sample. Based on differential thermal analyses results, Avrami n values were calculated to vary between 1⋅04 and 1⋅22, indicating surface crystallisation for which activation energies were found to vary between 290 and 334 kJ mol^–1.

Keywords

BLAST FURNACE SLAG GLASS CERAMICS TIO2 AND CR2O3 NUCLEANTS MICROSTRUCTURE CRYSTALLISATION KINETICS

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