Blood compatibility is a key property of biomaterials contacting blood. Titanium oxide film has been deposited on Si wafers (110) by unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering and successive vacuum annealing. The structure, chemical composition, hydrophilicity and surface energy of the films have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurement respectively. The results revealed that high vacuum annealing increased the surface energy, hydrophilicity and the rate of of Lewis base in the film. In vitro evaluation of hemocompatibility, including platelet adhesion, fibrinogen denaturation, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time test, proved that the hydrophilic titanium oxide films have excellent blood compatibility.
BakirM.: ‘Haemocompatibility of titanium and its alloys’, J. Biomater. Appl., 2012,
27, (1), 3–15.
2.
HuangN., YangP., LengY. X., ChenJ. Y., SunH., WangJ., WangG. J., DingP. D., XiT. F. and LengY.: ‘Hemocompatibility of titanium oxide films’, Biomaterials, 2003,
24, 2177–2187.
3.
ChenJ. Y., LengY. X., TianX. B., WangL. P., HuangN., ChuP. K. and YangP.: ‘Antithrombogenic investigation of surface energy and optical bandgap and hemocompatibility mechanism of Ti(Tat5)O2 thin films’, Biomaterials, 2002,
23, 2545–2552.
4.
DonaldL. W.: ‘Biomaterials and bioengineering handbook’; 2000, New York
, Marcel Dekker.
5.
BaurschmidtP. and SchaldachM.: ‘The electrochemical aspects of the thrombogenicity of a material’, J. Bioeng., 1997,
1, 261–278.
6.
WanG., LiP., XiangX., ZhouJ. and HuangN.: ‘Responsive surface charge transfer doping effect of reductive bio-molecules (glucose, fucoidan and heparin) contacting on semiconducting titanium oxide films’, J. Mater. Sci., 2013,
48, (11), 4109–4116.
7.
KimS. H., ChoiY. L., SongY. S., LeeD. Y. and LeeS.-J: ‘Influence of sputtering parameters on microstructure and morphology of TiO2 thin films’, Mater. Lett., 2002,
57, (2), 343–348.
8.
PriyankaK. P., SheenaP. A. and Aloysius SabuN.: ‘Characterization of nanophase TiO2 synthesized by sol–gel method’, Ind. J. Phys., 2014,
88, (7), 123–127.
9.
ArvanB., KhakifiroozA., TarighatR., MohajerzadehS., GoodarziA., Asl. SoleimaniE. and ArziE.: ‘Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition of titanium dioxide films from TiCl4’, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 2004,
B109, 17–23.
10.
SwadyA. and JasimM. K.: ‘A plasma emission controller for reactive magnetron sputtering of titanium dioxide film’, Adv. Theor. Appl. Mech., 2012,
5, (1), 1–10.
11.
WangJ. B., YangP., SuH. B., LiG. C. and HuangN.: ‘Structure differences between TiO2 and phosphorus implanted TiO2 films caused by thermal treatment’, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011,
206, 1024–1028.
12.
BergJ. C.: ‘The importance of acid–base interaction in wetting, coating, adhesion and related phenomena’, Nordic Pulp Paper Res. J., 1993,
8, 75–85.
13.
ColmanR. W., HirshJ., MarderV. J., AlexanderW., ClowesM. D. and GeorgeJ. N. (Eds.): ‘Hemostasis and thrombosis: basic principles and clinical practice’, 4th edn; 2001, Philadelphia, PA
, Lippincott Williams and Wilkin.
14.
ShamT. K. and LazarusM. S.: ‘X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies of clean and hydrated TiO2 (rutile) surfaces’, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1979,
68, 426–32.
15.
HealyK. E. and DucheyneP.: ‘Hydration and preferential molecular adsorption on titanium in vitro’, Biomaterials, 1992,
13, 553–61.
16.
CacciafestaP., HumphrisA. D. L., JandtK. D. and MilesM. J.: ‘Human Plasma Fibrinogen Adsorption on Ultraflat TitaniumOxide Surfaces Studied with Atomic Force Microscopy’, La n g m u ir
16, 21, 8167–8175
17.
ZhouH. F., YangP., ZhaoA. S., LengY. and HuangN.: ‘Improving thromboresistance of Ti–O films by phosphorus-doping: fabricating conditions, characteristics and antithrombotic behavior’, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007,
201, 8066–8069.
18.
CourtneyJ. M., LambaN. M. K., SundaramS. and ForbesC. D.: ‘Biomaterials for blood contacting applications’, Biomaterials, 1994,
15, (10), 737–744.
19.
HollandN. B. and MarchantR. E.: ‘Individual plasma proteins detected on rough biomaterials by phase imaging AFM’, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 2000,
51, 307–315.
20.
KakinoklS., YuiN. and YamaokaT.: ‘Platelet responses to dynamic biomaterial surfaces with different poly(ethylene glycol) and polyrotaxane molecular architectures constructed on gold substrates’, J. Biomater. Appl., 2012,
34, 121–124.
21.
LuD. R. and ParkK.: ‘Effect of surface hydrophobicity on the conformational changes of adsorbed fibrinogen’, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1991,
144, (1), 271–281.
22.
TuncS., MaitzM. F., SteinerG., VázquezL., PhamM. T. and SalzerR.: ‘In situ conformational analysis of fibrinogen adsorbed on Si surfaces’, Colloids Surf. B, 2005,
42B, (3–4), 219–25.
23.
FengL. and AndradeJ. D.: ‘Protein adsorption on low-temperature isotropic carbon. III: isotherms, competitivity, desorption and exchange of human albumin and fibrinogen’, Biomaterials, 1994,
15, (5), 323–333.
24.
FengL. and AndradeJ. D.: ‘Protein adsorption on low-temperature isotropic carbon. I: protein conformational change probed by differential scanning calorimetry’, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 1994,
28, (6), 735–743.
25.
FengL. and AndradeJ. D.: ‘Protein adsorption on low temperature isotropic carbon. V: how is it related to its blood compatibility’, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed., 1995,
7, (5), 439–452.
26.
BaurschmidtP. and SchaldachM.: ‘Alloplastic materials for heart-valve prostheses’, Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 1980,
18, 496–502.
27.
SpringerA., ZhuJ. and XiaoT.: ‘Structural basis for distinctive recognition of fibrinogen γC peptide by the platelet integrin αIIbβ3’, J. Cell Biol., 2008,
182, (4), 791–800.
28.
LengY. X., ChenJ. Y., YangP., SunH. and Huang: ‘The microstructure and properties of titanium dioxide films synthesized by unbalanced magnetron sputtering’, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 2007,
257B, 451–454.
29.
LeiY. F., LengY. X., YangP., WanG. J. and HuangN.: ‘Theoretical calculation and experimental study of influence of oxygen vacancy on the electronic structure and hemocompatibility of rutile TiO2’, Sci. China Technol. Sci., 2009,
52, (9), 2742–2748.
