A two-scale in situ observation set-up has been used to investigate the physical phenomena around the solid/liquid interface in welding. A spot gas tungsten arc welding process is used to observe weld pool solidification phenomenon after arc extinction. The solidification front and the fluid flow in the weld pool have been observed at a microscale by a high speed camera. The whole weld pool and the surrounding base metal have been filmed at a macroscale by an infrared camera to estimate temperature fields around the weld pool and bead shape. A qualitative and quantitative dataset was extracted from these observations that involve useful results for further improvements of the understanding of weld solidification mechanisms and to enhance solidification models.
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