Abstract
Welding system design includes selection of base metal, filler metal and process parameters for a given application. Integrated modelling has always been considered as a pathway to arrive at generic welding system solutions. Based on recent publications, arguments are made that generic solutions are indeed difficult. This is due to inability of these models to consider complex and transient boundary conditions imposed by field welding conditions. In lieu of generic solutions, design of invariant microstructure is suggested as an alternative approach.
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