Abstract
Semiconductors are usually vaguely defined as those substances which exhibif electrical conductivities in the range 10−7–102 mho-cm.−1, intermediate between those of typical metals and typical insulators. Such conductivities mean that only a very small fraction (1 in 106 or less) of the electrons in the substance are contributing to the electron current. It is not therefore surprising that the conductivity is strongly dependent on the impurities and crystal defects which are present and that it usually increases rapidly with the temperature. R. J. ELLIOTT
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