Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Platinum group metals (PGMs), which have high melting temperatures and high chemical durability, are widely used as catalysts and electronic materials. It is important to develop their recycling processes in order to create a sustainable utilisation of the PGM resources. In high-temperature extractive processes with slag treatment, however, some elements are not recovered, probably because of oxidation. In the author's research group, the mechanism of PGM dissolution into slags was investigated to clarify suitable conditions for the recycling process. Solubilities of PGMs, such as Pt, Ru and Rh, into various compositions of slag were measured together with their temperature dependencies. By reviewing the results, the dissolution mechanism of each element is discussed in the present paper.

Keywords

Platinum Ruthenium Rhodium PGMs Solubility Dissolution Molten slag Thermodynamics

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Fincham,

C. J. B.

and Richardson,

F. D.

. 1954. Sulphur in silicate and aluminate slags, J. Iron Steel Inst., 178, 4–15.

Inoue,

and Suito,

. 1982. Sulfur partitions between carbon-saturated melt and Na₂O-SiO₂ slags, Trans. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 22, 514–522.

Iwasaki,

. 1960. Bunseki-Kagaku-Gaisetsu, Tokyo, Gakujyutsu-Tosyo.

Jacob,

K. T.

and Waseda,

. 2000. Solid state cells with buffer electrodes for measurement of chemical potentials and Gibbs energies of formation: system Ca–Rh–O, J. Solid State. Chem., 150, 213–220.

Knacke,

, Kubaschewsiki,

and Hesselman,

. 1991. Thermochemical properties of inorganic substances, 2nd edn, Berlin, Springer-Verlag.

Mendiboure,

, Eickenbusch,

, Schollhorn,

and Subba Rao,

G. V.

. 1987. Layered alkali rhodium oxides A_XRhO₂: topotactic solvation, exchange, and redox reactions, J. Solid State. Chem., 71, 19–28.

Mukerji,

and Biswas,

. 1967. Solubility of ruthenium in soda silica glasses, Cent. Glass Ceram. Res. Inst. Bull., 14, 30–34.

Nakamura,

and Sano,

. 1997. Solubility of platinum in molten fluxes as a measure of basicity, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 28, 103–108.

Shikano,

, Delmas,

and Darriet,

. 2004. NaRuO₂ and Na_xRuO₂·yH₂O: new oxide and oxyhydrate with two dimensional RuO₂ layers, Inorg. Chem., 43, 1214–1216.

10.

Shuto,

, Okabe,

T. H.

and Morita,

. 2011. Ruthenium solubility and dissolution behavior in molten slag, Mater. Trans. B, 52, 1899–1904.

11.

Wiraseranee,